Archival systems are a section of records management, involving the organization of storage of important papers. Let us consider in more detail what it is and give examples of their organization.
The origins of the concept
Since ancient times, various states and countries could not exist without literature, writing and documents. This is interconnected with a number of concepts, for example, intelligence, mentality, spirituality, which are of great importance in the modern global world.
This was a fundamental factor of management and law, and in general contributed to the fact that people became required to deal with the storage and regulation, use and accounting of various documents in order to preserve them not only from a historical point of view, but also from a legal one. Therefore, the structure of the archival system, archival law includes all regulatory and methodological, personal, state, legislative and many other documents.
These various documents are necessary for citizens not only in personal interests, but also in the interests of the state itself and the country as a whole. In order for the indicator of the development of the system of archival affairs and the archives themselves to increase, it is necessary to ensure the development of effective mechanisms and methods of regulation in this area.
Definition of a concept
The first archival systems were formed back in the 19th century. The reason for their creation was an interest in the world of antiquities, which arose in the middle of the 18th century and culminated in the creation of an archive management under the office of the Emperor Alexander Pavlovich.
The development of archiving in our country is associated with the formation of a centralized Russian state. In acts and orders for the XVI-XVII centuries. there were large accumulations of archival materials, but at this time, documents had not yet become the main component of the current workflow. Such clerical work was based on the norms of traditions in Russia, customs and, in general, on Russian law.
History of archives in our country
At the end of the XVIII-XIX centuries. new and first departmental archives appeared. And, of course, thanks to this, a whole network of judicial and administrative archives began to appear in cities, townships and counties. In the XIX century, the creation of accounting archival commissions, which existed through donations from zemstvos, city councils and individuals, was already undertaken throughout our country, but the state did not participate in this.
In 1720, on February 28, Peter the Great established the General Regulation, which defines various functions and tasks, structuring and operating procedures of governing bodies. The regulation describes all the paperwork, it was attended by a whole chapter on the archival storage of various documents and the creation of a holistic archive system. After the 1917 revolution, archival legislation appeared in Russia.
In the USSR, the organization of archives at executive committees began in 1920, that is, after the end of the civil war and the final establishment of Soviet power. A committee was established to manage archives, the task of which was to develop a document in order to reorganize archiving. The fruit of the activity of the Soviet government in this area was that the State Archive of the RSFSR was formed. After all the archival institutions merged into the Central Archive, and the local ones obeyed it.
The impetus for the development of archiving was the legal and administrative acts adopted in 1926. Archival systems were then quite imperfect. The CEC sent a circular to all executive committees, stating that "the matter of preserving the archives has not yet been established, as a result of which archival materials are being killed and plundered." In this regard, it was proposed to urgently provide archives with appropriate premises, to allocate workers, to begin work on their collection. It was then that the first library archival systems were created.
Further, archival business was actively developing, which led to the creation of an entire branch of science and professional activity. Today, archives are cultural institutions that store the necessary information in paper and digital form.
