The real hero, scientist, courageous man Fedorov Svyatoslav Nikolaevich, a biography whose personal life continues to be of interest to the public even today, years after his death, is an example of an unprecedented determination and will to live. The saturation of his life, the passion with which he devoted himself to every business, had such an intensity that only a real hero could maintain such a rhythm.
Childhood and parents
On August 8, 1927, in the Ukrainian city of Proskurov, which today is called Khmelnitsky, Fedorov Svyatoslav Nikolaevich was born. Svyatoslav's father was once a worker at the Putilov factory, then he became a Red Army soldier, rose to the rank of brigade commander and the rank of general. In 1930, the family moved to Kamenetz-Podolsky in connection with the transfer of his father. Nikolai Fedorov went through the First World War and the Civil War. He was a professional military man, a man of word and honor. But, when the boy was 11 years old, his father was arrested and denounced for 17 years. Fedorov got a label - an enemy of the people. Svyatoslav did his best to prove that he was no worse than others, perhaps that was when his steel, fighting character began to form. After the father’s arrest, the family moved to relatives in Rostov-on-Don to avoid reprisals.
Study
Svyatoslav Nikolaevich Fedorov studied well at school, although chemistry was given to him with great difficulty. He also did not like to write essays, but he was easily in time in a foreign language and graduated from high school with a silver medal. Like many boys of that time, he was fanatically in love with aviation and dreamed of becoming a pilot. When the war began, Fedorov wanted to volunteer, but due to his youth, of course, no one took him into the army. Then in 1943 he entered the Yerevan Preparatory School in order to quickly master the skills of piloting. For two years he studied hard, dreaming of heaven and how he would beat the enemy. But life turned out differently.
Tragic turn
In 1945, Fedorov Svyatoslav Nikolaevich, whose biography makes a sharp turn, gets into an accident. The young man was in a hurry on a festive evening at the school. In an attempt to catch a tram, he stumbled and was injured in his left leg. In the hospital where he was taken, it turned out that the heel was fragmented, and the doctor decided to amputate the foot and a third of the leg. Fedorov had to forget about aviation. He spent several months in the hospital and made some crucial decisions in his life there. He saw masses of mutilated men who surrendered and believed that their life was over. Svyatoslav, overcoming pain, began to engage in swimming and even won several competitions with full-fledged athletes. Then he realized that he needed to work hard - and everything is possible. And the rest of his life, Fedorov worked hard. He argued to everyone that he was not disabled, and later many simply did not know about his injury. The second decision made by the young man in these years is connected with the choice of a professional field.
The medicine
In 1947, Svyatoslav Nikolaevich Fedorov entered the Rostov Medical Institute. After graduating from it in 1952, he enters residency, and then graduate school. Even in his student years, Svyatoslav chose his specialization, ophthalmology. He realized that the human eye is a complex optical device and needs to be fine-tuned. After graduation, he begins to work as an oculist in the village of Veshenskaya, where the famous writer Mikhail Sholokhov once lived and worked. Fedorov has repeatedly said that the writer became for him a moral ideal for many years. In 1957 he defended his thesis. Fedorov conducted his first operation in front of his eyes as a student. He had a chance to operate a locksmith who had a piece of an iron chisel dig into an eyeball. The manipulation was difficult, but Svyatoslav managed and was able to save the patient’s eyesight.
Doctor's career
Since the mid-50s, Fedorov Svyatoslav Nikolaevich has been working as a medical practitioner. After the Don village, he moved to the Urals, where he deals with eye surgery. While working in Cheboksary, he performed an operation unique to the USSR to replace the affected lens with an artificial one. Soviet medicine could not take such a step, and Fedorov was fired from his job "for quackery." He moves to Arkhangelsk, where he becomes head. Department of Eye Diseases at the Medical Institute. Quite quickly, a team of like-minded people formed around Fedorov, the fame of doctors-wizards spread throughout the country and people who dreamed of returning eyesight reached Arkhangelsk.
In 1967, official confirmation of the achievements of Svyatoslav Nikolaevich came. He is being transferred to Moscow, where he is the third honey. Institute headed the department of eye diseases and led the laboratory for the creation of an artificial lens. Here Fedorov begins to experiment with operations to install an artificial cornea. In 1974, the laboratory of Stanislav Nikolaevich stands out from the structure of the institute and becomes an independent research institution in the field of eye surgery.
Scientific activity
Since the 50s, Fedorov Svyatoslav Nikolaevich began to engage in science and did not leave his research until the end of his life. In 1962, together with V. Zakharov, he created the world's best hard lens, the so-called Fedorov-Zakharov lens. In 1967, he successfully defended his doctoral dissertation at the Kazan Medical Institute. In 1973, he was the first in the world to conduct early-stage glaucoma surgery. The method of sclerectomy discovered by him has received worldwide recognition and is still used in all leading clinics in the world. In 1987, Fedorov became a corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences. In 1995, he was elected a full member of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the Russian Federation.
Clinic
In 1979, the laboratory, which was managed by Fedorov Svyatoslav Nikolaevich, was turned into a research institute for eye microsurgery. And in 1986, the institute was transformed into the scientific and technical complex “Eye Microsurgery”. Fedorov carries out the most complicated operations, actively transfers his experience to young surgeons, conducts scientific research. The fame of his clinic reaches a global scale. Changes are just taking place in the country, a market economy is starting to work. And during this period, Fedorov showed himself in another hypostasis. The clinic had legal and financial freedom, Svyatoslav Fedorovich could set the cost of operations himself. "Eye Microsurgery" begins to earn a lot, including in currency. Fedorov set high salaries for doctors and staff; he creates comfortable conditions for patients. For several years, he opens several modern branches in the regions of the country where his best students work. Eye surgery is becoming commonplace, and Fedorov is becoming a successful entrepreneur and wealthy person. But with it, the clinic is also getting richer. For several years, he turns the complex into a whole empire. Eye Microsurgery not only has many branches in the country and abroad, but also a huge Protasovo complex with hotels and residential buildings, a dairy plant, a drinking water plant, two large enterprises producing frames, lenses, and surgical instruments. The clinic even had a specially equipped ship, Peter the Great, on which operations were carried out. Fedorov built his own aviation facility for the clinic with a hangar, a helicopter, an airplane, a runway, a radio station, and a gas station. The academician himself supervised everything, but there wasn’t enough hands for everything, and in recent years a lot of people began to appear in the clinic who were only hungry for profit. This undermined team spirit, discontent, envy appeared. For Fedorov, all this was a difficult problem.
Major Achievements
Academician Svyatoslav Nikolaevich Fedorov in his life made many discoveries, he owns the right to 180 patents for various inventions. His main achievement is more than 3 million people successfully operated by his technique around the world. He published several serious works, which today allow the development of ophthalmology.
Awards
Fedorov Svyatoslav Nikolaevich, whose biography is filled with constant work, has received many titles and awards in his life. In 1987, he was awarded the title Hero of Social Labor. Fedorov was a holder of the orders: Lenin, the Red Banner of Labor, the October Revolution, the Badge of Honor, and Friendship. The list of his medals is very long, among them: a gold medal "Hammer and Sickle", a medal to them. M. Lomonosov Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Svyatoslav Nikolaevich was awarded the title of Honored Inventor of the USSR. In 2002, the international professional community awarded him the title “The Greatest Ophthalmologist of the 19-20th Centuries”. On his account a lot of prizes, including the state award of the Russian Federation, the award of the Palaeologist, Pericles, them. V. Filatov and M. Averbukh from the Academy of Medical Sciences.
Political activity
With the beginning of perestroika, Fedorov Svyatoslav Nikolaevich (photo attached to the article) became actively interested in politics. In 1989, he was elected People's Deputy of the USSR and for 2 years participated in the lawmaking of a new, emerging country. He actively met with voters, conducted political campaigning, and was a member of the editorial board of Ogonyok magazine. Fedorov created and headed the workers' self-government party, which was based on left-liberal views. In 1995, Stanislav Nikolaevich was elected to the State Duma. In 1996, he even participated in the presidential election, taking sixth place with 0.92% of the vote. Having worked in the Duma for one term, Fedorov did not run anymore because he did not see a real return on his activities, and he was a man of work and result. In the last years of his life, he focused on the development of the clinic.
Personal life
Fedorov Svyatoslav Nikolaevich, whose personal life interests many, was three times married. Incredible charm and magnetism came from him, and women fell in love with him instantly. If in his professional activity Fedorov was purposeful, assertive, extremely hardworking, in private life he was a very calm and compliant person. He never scolded, considering it an unworthy matter, liked to rely on someone else in everyday affairs, easily joined the opinions of other people. Therefore, some considered him henpecked, but most likely, it was just his position. At work, he was a force and leader, and at home - a companion and assistant. Fedorov Svyatoslav Nikolaevich, whose family was a safe haven, refuge, respectful and reverential attitude towards women, so calmly gave them a leading role in everyday life. Although this did not apply to issues of principle - they could not be turned around like a puppet, he always adhered to his convictions.
Wives and children
In the life of academician Fedorov there were three wives. The first marriage happened at the beginning of the medical career of Svyatoslav Nikolaevich. Lily, the first wife, was a chemist by training. They met on vacation during the youth digging, the girl was struck by the courtship of Fedorov. Six months later, she secretly married her parents from her parents, having come to him. The first six months, the couple lived in different cities, Lilia studied at the institute. And then there were 13 years of a happy life. Preserved letters of Stanislav to his wife, in which is full of love and tenderness. The couple had a daughter, Irina. From childhood she was fascinated by the profession of her father and already from the 9th grade she knew that she would follow in his footsteps. Today she is a practicing surgeon, working in the Fedorov Clinic. The second wife of Fedorov was Elena Leonovna. In this marriage, a girl was also born, Olga. Today she is engaged in the activities of the memorial cabinet in the clinic “Eye Microsurgery”. This marriage also broke up. In the life of Fedorov Irene burst. Once she came to his office to arrange an operation for her relative, and was immediately struck by the strength and energy of the surgeon. There were no children in this marriage, but he raised two twin girls that Irene had from their first marriage, like his daughters. Both girls today work at the Surgeon Fedorov Methods Promotion Fund. After the death of the head of the family, newspapers wrote about conflicts among the heirs. Fedorov Svyatoslav Nikolaevich, children for whom were a very important part of his life, until the end of his days maintained good, friendly relations with all his daughters, arranged them for himself in different positions. But with previous wives, his relationship did not work out.
Hobbies and lifestyle
In addition to work and family, Fedorov Svyatoslav Nikolaevich, whose wives and children were a large, but not the only part of his life, had many hobbies. All his life he went in for sports a lot: swam, was a great rider. He did not smoke, hardly drank, was not a fan of any food. At age 62, he was able to realize his youthful dream and sat at the helm of his own airplane. He flew by helicopter to regional offices for operations. His life, of course, was most filled with work, but he managed to get pleasure from it.
