The past century has been marked by the development of several basic types of economy. These included a market and planned economic system, military communism, as well as multistructure. Our state in its history has known all these formations. Indeed, in each period of time its own socio-political situations were created, the result of which was one or another system.
The multistructure of the economy is one of the systems tested at the beginning of the last century that has fully justified itself. She began to mark the new interconnections of subjects of economic relations in the transition period. Here, multistructure has become practically one of the defining signs of this system. The main characteristics of this concept must be considered in more detail.
General definition
Diverse economy is one of the signs of the economic system in the modern world. It is built on the principles of coexistence within the framework of one state of private, state and mixed forms of ownership.
Under the structure should mean a type of relationship between the subjects of production activity, which determines the specific system of management. At the same time, they organize their activities according to certain principles.
The basic concepts that include the economic structure are:
- a way of doing business;
- type of ownership;
- approaches to production management;
- types of regulation of communication within the public.
Modern multi-layered economy
The multistructure of the Russian economy is characterized by a mixed type of organization of work of subjects of economic relations. It has signs of a market system. However, in the modern world there are other types of structures that are present in our society.
In addition to the dominant market economy with mixed forms of ownership, at least 5 residual structures are allocated. These include:
- monopoly (specialized) small production;
- family and intra-family creation of goods and services;
- “Second economy” (the second job that a person has);
- shadow economy.
The essence of the economic processes that occur in modern society, the listed ways practically do not change. But they have a place to be.
The main ways
Modern forms of management predetermine the appearance of the basic ways in the economy. First of all, the municipal and state structures are distinguished, as well as medium and large joint-stock enterprises.
In a multistructure society, the small-business organization of relationships also has the right to exist. In contrast to it, the oligarchic-monopoly regime operates. The cooperative type of public relations is also highlighted.
It is worth noting that the main driving force of all the components of modern multistructure is precisely entrepreneurship. It creates the prerequisites for the development of public economic relations. This principle is fundamental to multi-layering.
State
Considering the forms of management, which are components of multistructure, it is worth paying attention to the state. It regulates the interaction and activities of all participants in economic relations. With the help of the legislative system, the state stands in defense of the interests of each process. This is not affected by patterns of ownership, principles of organization of production, etc.
The economic structure of the state is developing on the basis of the functioning of enterprises and organizations that relate to its property. It is also built on the basis of state property. These include land, financial, mineral resources, as well as real estate.
The share of state ownership in a multistructure society is from 20 to 30%. The resources available to the state allow it to fulfill the regulatory socio-economic functions assigned to it.
Municipal and cooperative way
The municipal socio-economic structure takes as a basis the relations that develop at the level of enterprises or organizations in the social and communal spheres. To carry out their activities, the subjects of such relations have at their disposal financial, land and other property. It is classified as municipal property.
The municipal way serves as the basis for the formation of the environment for the life of territorial communities.
The cooperative type of organization of relationships operates in several forms:
- credit;
- consumer;
- material and technical sphere of managing.
Small business
Studying the essence of economic processes in a multistructure management system, small business cannot be ignored. It mainly covers the manufacturing sectors of consumer goods, as well as related services. For example, it can be trade, mediation or domestic, maintenance.
The small business community is also actively developing in the innovation sphere and in the field of scientific services. Its basis is private, individual or small-group (shared) property. On its basis, small businesses operate.
Medium and large enterprises
Diverse economy is one of the principles of organizing relations in modern society. One of the main categories here is medium and large business. It is based on the ownership of shareholders.
The presented way has found its distribution in most social, industrial, infrastructural sectors of the modern economy of our country. Also, according to the principles of this organizational system, new production structures are developing, the activities of which are based on shared ownership owned by the labor collective.
In this category, an oligarchic-monopoly order stands out as a separate group. It includes subjects of large national economic complexes. It covers the electronic, energy, information, oil industries, etc.
