The East Siberian city is located in the central part of the Minusinsk depression, surrounded by mountains. The city is the industrial center of the south of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. For a long time it was a place of exile, from the Decembrists to the Soviet leaders in the 30s of the last century.
general review
Minusinsk is the administrative center of the eponymous city district and district, belongs to the Krasnoyarsk Territory of the Russian Federation. The city is located along both banks of the Yenisei River in Eastern Siberia. The area of the city of Minusinsk is 17.7 sq. Km.
At a distance of 12 kilometers is the Minusinsk railway station, Abakan is located relatively nearby (25 kilometers). Near the city passes the federal highway M54 "Yenisei". From the regional center of Krasnoyarsk to Minusinsk, 422 kilometers.
The foundation date is 1739, when the village of Minyusinskoye was built. The settlement received its name from the Minus River, which in Turkic means "big water". In 1822 received the status of a city.
Minusinsk is located in the time zone, offset from Moscow by 4 hours. In Russia it is designated as MSK + 4. Krasnoyarsk and Minusinsk are in the same time zone.
Foundation of the city
The settlement, which emerged as a workers' settlement, after the closure of the smelter, turned into an ordinary peasant village. The population of those times is not established. A year after receiving the status of a city (in 1823), there were 787 people in Minusinsk, of which 156 were exiled settlers, who for a long time constituted the second largest group (after peasants) of the population.
Despite the fact that people now lived in a city that still looked like a village, the population of Minusinsk continued to engage in peasant labor. Nevertheless, in 1828, the peasants were transferred to the bourgeois class, which was supposed to engage in crafts and crafts. But many continued to engage in agriculture and cattle breeding for a long time.
The second half of the XIX century
In 1856, the population of Minusinsk was 2, 200, an increase of more than 3 times in two decades. At this time, the transition began from peasant labor to other activities. A merchant estate is gradually being formed in the city. A feature of the local merchants was that they only lived in Minusinsk, and engaged in trade in other cities of Siberia.
In the document "List of Populated Places of the Yenisei Province" for 1859, it was noted that in the district city of Minusinsk district, located 551 versts from the provincial city of Yeniseisk, there were 372 houses in which 2, 936 people lived, including 1, 491 male residents gender and 1, 445 female. Trade and crafts developed in the city, the first small factories appeared. The population continued to grow rapidly, to a greater extent due to the peasants of the central Russian provinces. In 1897, the population of Minusinsk was 10, 231 people.
Between two wars
The construction of new industrial enterprises, including a soap factory, candlestick salotopepenny factories contributed to the attraction of labor resources. In 1914, there were 15, 000 people in the city of Minusinsk.
In the revolutionary year of 1917, in the “Lists of settlements of the Yenisei province”, data were provided on the total number of inhabitants -12, 807, of which 5, 669 were males and 7, 138 were females, including 259 military, After the end of the civil war, industry began to develop in the city. In 1926, several dozens of enterprises of various forms of ownership (private, state, cooperative) worked in the village. For example, a yeast factory, Vassan mill, and Dynamo tobacco factory, which produced products worth 1.2 million rubles. Then the population of Minusinsk was 20, 400 people.
The city, as before, remained a place of exile, for example, here they referred to the settlement of a prominent revolutionary figure LB Kamenev. By 1931, the number of inhabitants decreased slightly to 19 900, which was also associated with the beginning of the repression. In subsequent years, the city was actively being improved, new schools, a pedagogical college, courses for nurses, train drivers, state farm and forestry apprenticeships were opened. The number of inhabitants increased to 31, 354 in 1939.
The second half of the XX century
In the early years of the war, two regiments were formed in the city, more than 5, 000 thousand minusins died on the fronts of World War II. Some researchers believe that as a result of pre-war political repression and taking into account the citizens who died in the war, the population was updated by almost 75%. According to the first post-war census of 1959, 38 318 people lived in the city.
In subsequent years, small industrial artels of the post-war years were re-equipped and reconstructed into factories. The Metallist plant, furniture, shoe repair and clothing factory offered many new jobs. In 1967, the population of Minusinsk increased to 42, 000. The development of the city is largely connected with the trust "Minusinskneftegazrazvedka", which built a lot of housing and socio-cultural facilities - a sports complex, club "Geologist". In 1979, the city had 56, 361 residents. The population increased due to influx from the central regions of the country.
