Non-formal education is the result of systemic changes that are occurring today. The Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation intends to improve the quality of teacher training by abandoning the linear system of education, creating the conditions for free “entry” into training programs for various categories of students through the modernization of teaching content and technologies.
Modern realities
Currently, the educational process is being implemented in various forms. Parents are faced with the question of which school it is better to send their child to in order to increase their motivation to study, develop mental and creative abilities, and maintain mental health. Let us analyze some alternative teaching methods used at the initial stage of training.
Innovations of St. Petersburg
School "Orange" is located in the northern capital. To the address: st. Savushkina, d.14b. This is one of the projects of the Institute of Non-Formal Education. Dima Zitser is the founder of this educational institution. The work here is based on the principle of subjective interaction, the essence of which is the acceptance of the fact that each person needs his own individual approach.
Features
The school of non-formal education does not imply the division of students on various grounds: nationality, skin color, age. Pupils and teachers themselves build the learning process, select the room in which the lesson will be held, subjects of interest.
The pedagogy of non-formal education is based on the interest of the child, which is formed in him as a result of informed choice. Class occupancy - 12 people. Teachers several times a year organize meetings for parents aimed at discussing the features of working with children. They accept children from the age of three to school.
The specifics of the educational process
Non-formal education is an opportunity to study subjects taught in secondary schools as part of interdisciplinary interaction. This is especially true in the framework of the new generation of GEF. From the lower grades, children are taught history, physics, French and English, flute, anatomy, geography, logic, yoga, drawing.
In this case, non-formal education is an opportunity to increase the intellectual level of children while creating comfortable conditions for them. There is a subject “library” in “Orange”, within the framework of which the children learn to read correctly, discuss read works, and lead a discussion.
A distinctive feature of this school is the lack of grades. Teachers of this school believe that the source of motivation should be an interest in acquiring new knowledge, and not fear of punishment.
Pupils and teachers learn from each other. They do not impose social roles inherent in students of ordinary comprehensive schools.
Young people come to Orange every day to communicate with their peers, to help kids learn in new conditions. And, of course, organize creative games at breaks.
School park concept
Non-formal education is a concept of the forest school of the Russian teacher Miloslav Balabanov. It does not imply lessons and classes in their classical sense. Pupils of various ages (from 6 to 9 years old) study together in open park studios. There are no time limits for lessons.
The teacher does not give the pupils ready information, but assists in its search, selection, taking into account the individual needs and capabilities of the students. Special attention is paid to the creation of psychological comfort during open park studios.
Such examples of non-formal education involve dividing the educational process into two parts. At the first stage, project activity is carried out, which requires the guys to completely immerse themselves in the process. The second part consists of classes in creative studios, as well as two-hour walks in the fresh air. Part of the classes, for example, “The world around us, ” is also conducted on the street.
Distinctive features
There are various studios in the school: “Learning to read”, “I think up, do, research”, “I want to be healthy”, “I want to please my mother”, “Creative improvisation”, “I learn to write” and many others. Homework is offered only if the child himself wishes. The results of studies are provided to parents in the form of a portfolio. Children can (optionally) publicly demonstrate their achievements at the end of the six months. An important difference of the school is the lack of comparison by teachers of children. The school only practices an individual educational trajectory for each student, any promotion is encouraged.
Important points
The educational institution "Forest School" is ideal for inclusive education. Each child has the opportunity to develop to the best of his own abilities, to help others, to accept help and support. It is located in Moscow, on the street. Baltiyskaya, d. 9. Recently, the number of people who want to get into this educational institution has been increasing significantly, which is an indicator of parental interest in non-formal education.
School "Macau"
An educational environment has been created here, where children understand why they are studying, do it with pleasure and quite consciously.
The approach combines the subject elements of a regular school curriculum and the methodology of innovative teachers, for whom love of children is an integral part of the profession. For example, mathematics is studied according to the textbook of L. G. Peterson with the addition of his other copyright finds. Reading is carried out according to the method of O. Soboleva, supplemented by the achievements of the methodologist and teacher Anatoly Storozhev.
The uniqueness of the school’s work lies in the creation of an individual educational plan for each child. In addition to teachers, a tutor is also present in the classroom, as well as a curator of the child’s individual curriculum. Class occupancy is 15-20 people. The duration of the lesson is 30-40 minutes, but its boundaries can be changed. Children are taught to set a goal for a day, a week, a semester, an academic year. Here they strive to ensure that by the 3rd grade a student can independently cope with the task assigned to him, the tutor provides only minor support.
Children are engaged in a significant amount of design and applied work aimed at the practical development of the material studied. As homework assignments, children receive small exercises that help consolidate creative assignments and new topics. Experienced teachers with higher pedagogical education work with children.
At will (after discussing with teachers), from the third month of study, classes by fathers and mothers are possible.
