White stone Moscow - so often the capital is characterized by fellow citizens and foreign tourists. The Government House of the Russian Federation fully fits into the historical concept, it has a vibrant dramatic history, unique architecture and is a modern landmark.
History
Consider the Government House of the Russian Federation from Krasnopresnenskaya embankment. It was built for fourteen years - from 1965 to 1979. The project was created by two talented architects - Dmitry Chechulin and Pavel Shteller. The development was based on a failed project for the Aeroflot home, which was never implemented. If you compare the two projects, it will become clear that they are similar, but the constructed building is a simplified version of the original idea.
The Government House of the Russian Federation has a height of 102 meters, if you add a flagpole, the figure will be even more impressive - 119 meters. The area of the building is 172.7 square meters. meters. After the completion of construction and commissioning, the premises were occupied by the Supreme Council of the RSFSR (1981-1993), and since 1994 the Government of the Russian Federation has been working here.
Architecture
The Government House of the Russian Federation has a symmetrical architecture. When looking at the building, three components of the overall composition can be distinguished. The lower part is the base of the whole composition. It is decorated with ramps, a wide front staircase going from the Moskva River to the central front door, and the lining is made of natural granite slabs. The main highlight of the foundation is the seven-story tier, where the assembly hall is located, designed for government meetings.
The most noticeable part of the building was a twenty-story tower. The rounded corners of the stately structure give a harmonious sound to the whole composition. On the turret of the upper tier the coat of arms of Russia shines. Previously, a clock damaged in the period of riots in 1993 was located on the site of the coat of arms. The whole structure is crowned by a tall flagpole with a waving flag of the country.
To decorate the interior, the architect D. Chechulin chose marble of various shades and multi-colored natural stones of natural origin. Government meetings are held in twenty-seven rooms, where the latest equipment is installed, and comfort is guaranteed for fruitful work. Excursions are not conducted here, so you can only consider the external architecture, which is famous for the Government House of the Russian Federation. Photos of the interior will complement the overall impression of the building.
The area around the house is guarded, surrounded by a wrought-iron fence and given over to a car park. Not far from the building is a monument - Humpback Bridge.
Rebellious 1991
The events of August 1991 took place in its dramatic part near the government building, where from August 18 to August 21 a self-proclaimed body, the State Emergency Committee, met. Events unfolded at lightning speed, Boris Yeltsin became the head of the resistance. At this time, military equipment was stolen to Moscow, in contrast to which supporters of the incumbent president gathered for the rally. During the confrontation, the Government House of the Russian Federation in the media began to be called the White House.
The head of the opposition, Yeltsin, held rallies and spoke to supporters. The most vivid and memorable speech was made from the armor of the tank on August 19, and the next day clashes of the parties to the conflict occurred. The victory remained with Yeltsin and radically changed the life of the whole country. Events are included in recent history with the name "August putsch."
October storm of the White House
But the most dramatic events occurred later. In the fall of 1993, internal political strife entered the acute phase of the military confrontation, the end of which was an assault. Armed clashes took place on the streets of the capital from September 21 to October 4, troops were again brought into Moscow. The assault took place on October 4, one thousand seven hundred people and thirty units of military equipment (10 T-80 tanks, 20 armored personnel carriers) took part in the events.
Military equipment fired at the building. The tanks stationed on the Kalinin bridge carried out targeted fire on the upper floors, 12 volleys were fired. The fire swept the upper floors, the defenders of the Government House had to surrender their weapons and evacuate.
The result of the armed assault was the destruction of part of the government building, 8 floors (from 12 to 20) were almost burnt out. 246 people were injured, of whom 74 died during the shelling. For all the days of the October unrest, about 160 people died, about four hundred citizens were injured of varying severity.
Reconstruction and restoration
Dramatic events left significant damage to the building; restoration and repair were required. Turkish specialists were involved in the work. Repair and reconstruction were completed in 1994. The clock on the tower of the Government House was replaced by the emblem of the Russian Federation.
The adjacent territory was surrounded by a high curly fence, which excluded any meetings and rallies near the building.
