This problem is not an aspect of considering only historical science or scientology, the problem should be considered much more broadly, which is explained by the peculiarity of the very phenomenon of philosophy, which contains both a scientific component and a practical world, which was especially pronounced, for example, at the initial stage of it becoming.
The historical genesis of philosophy suggests the answer to the question of when it arose and in what ways developed in the spatio-temporal dimension. Obviously, one should begin to study the genesis of philosophy with an attempt to understand those civilizational parameters that characterized society at the time this phenomenon arose. And this moment temporarily coincides with the time when the contradictions of social life and the natural knowledge of being could no longer be resolved by methods traditional for that time. The spatial connection draws our attention to Ancient Greece, where these contradictions manifested themselves to the greatest extent, and therefore the genesis of philosophy in Ancient Greece should be considered as the starting point of our analysis.
In fact, the emergence and development of philosophy makes it necessary to draw a clear line between those phenomena of life that are universally recognized as truth and those that are in doubt and cannot be verified by the resources available at the moment. That is why philosophy as a system of views and thoughts arises on the basis of criticism of the traditional mental constructions that have developed before it, reflecting the existence of man and nature, it itself criticizes tradition and custom, offering not only a new outlook on things, but also a new toolkit that forms this outlook. This is evident from the fact that the very first ancient Greek philosophers themselves were, first of all, critics of the mythological culture of Greece, finding in it logical inconsistency (often absurdity) and immorality. It should be noted that this criticism did not mean that these philosophers finally severed all ties with the mythological worldview, they simply “grew” out of the narrow framework of mythologism and offered society a broader view of existence. The genesis of philosophy, perhaps, contains this transition as one of the most dramatic pages, because it was not only the perception of the world by a single person that changed, but also the cultural, moral, political and legal forms of organizing people's lives.
The emerging and deepening conflict between traditional forms of understanding the world and knowledge and a new, philosophical type of thinking becomes that revolutionary impetus, a motive that pushes people to try to give the existing world a new justification and explanation.
In ancient Greek society, the genesis of philosophy begins when the habitual system of life, its interpretation and justification, is threatened. People can not only explain everything by the old standards, for example, good and evil, but they can no longer live by the old standards and standards, be guided by old values. This state is comparable to the deepest mental crisis (in relation to Greece, this crisis was resolved by the formation of a fundamentally new civilizational phenomenon - Hellenistic culture), when identification guidelines for people in almost all spheres of their life are lost. For example, in the 6th century BC in Greece, almost all the pillars of its traditional sociality were destroyed, based on the visible boundaries of the social division, which was fixed by the ideology of that time - myths.
A completely different understanding of the economic organization of society was required, since slave labor had already sufficiently demonstrated its futility. Politics ceased to be interpreted as a given of the gods, but was considered as "the work of human hands." Naturally, all these phenomena contributed to the destruction of old forms of ties in society and offered him new tools and patterns of self-organization.
In the field of thinking and knowledge, there is a decisive rejection of the imagery and metaphorical nature of myths. Thinking becomes rational, its operational side is filled with concepts and categories. And thus, gradually, philosophy becomes the dominant type of consciousness and worldview, including elements of mythology only as part of it.
