The geographical position of Canada is clearly characterized by the words of its national motto “from sea to sea” (in Latin “mari usque ad mare”). This is the only country whose coastal borders are washed by three oceans: the Arctic, Pacific and Atlantic. Canada is the second largest country in the world by its diversity, diversity, diversity of landscapes and natural areas.
General information
Canada in the form of government is a federal state. It has 10 provinces united by the Canadian constitution (Quebec, British Columbia, Manitoba, Newfoundland and Lambrador, New Brunswick, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Ontario, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island) and 3 territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut). The capital of Canada - Ottawa - is located in Ontario. The official state languages of the country are English and French.
The economic and geographical position of Canada was determined by the proximity of international transport routes, which greatly contributed to the acceleration in the development of its territory and the development of the economy, stimulated trade relations with other states and attracted immigrants to it.
The state with an area of 9, 984, 670 km² covers almost the entire north of mainland North America and occupies the Arctic Archipelago, one of the largest in the world. The country covers 1/12 of the entire land of the planet, which makes its coastline equal to three equators, the longest in the world.
The population of Canada in relation to its vast territory is insignificant - 32.2 million people representing various races and cultures. 90% of them live in southern areas, stretching mainly along the border with the United States. A significant part of Canada is unsuitable for human habitation, including the northern outskirts extending far beyond the Arctic Circle.
The geographical position of Canada, which has a vast territory with beautiful landscapes, is unusual. On land, it borders only with the United States, maritime borders separate it in the northeast from Greenland and in the east from the French islands of Miquelon and Saint Pierre in the Atlantic Ocean. In the north, Canada extends beyond the Arctic Circle. There are a large number of polar islands: Devon, Banks, Victoria, Ellesmere, Newfoundland, Baffin Island and others. In this region are located Nunavut, Yukon, Northwest Territories. This is the so-called Canadian Arctic.
Physical and geographical areas
The complex and contrasting physical and geographical position of Canada contributed to the variegation of the vegetation cover and the diversity of vegetation types. It is located in the zone of arctic deserts, tundra, mixed forests, taiga, steppes. The country is divided into several natural regions: the Appalachian Mountains and the Arctic Mountains, the Canadian Shield, internal valleys, intermountain regions, and the Pacific mountain system.
Country of wide open spaces
The northern regions of the Appalachians reach the Maritime Provinces, eastern Quebec and reach Newfoundland. The geographical position of Canada, this mountainous region, is especially contrasted. Here are concentrated ancient rocks of different ages. In most of the region, folded mountains extend, consisting of longitudinal ridges, the peaks of which are covered with glaciers. High plateaus are separated by wide valleys. A distinctive feature of the region is St. Lawrence Bay, the largest estuary on earth, connected by straits to the ocean.
The Laurentian plateau occupies a significant part of the country and is part of the ancient crystalline Canadian shield. This is the country's most unsuitable region for human habitation, but there are thousands of lakes, the Hudson Bay, which is a kind of inland sea, and the richest deposits of almost all the elements of the periodic table.
As part of the Canadian Shield, the Arctic lowlands in northern Alaska and the Hudson Bay lowlands are often considered, the surface of which is mostly constrained by permafrost. Here are the largest lakes in Canada - the Great Slave and the Big Bear, each of which connects to the longest river in the country of Mackenzie, which collects most of the water from the rivers of the Arctic watershed.
Great Plains, bordering the West with the Canadian Shield, are the breadbasket of Canada. Here the production of wheat and pasture cattle breeding is developed. The region captures the steppe provinces and reaches the Pacific coast, where stretches part of one of the greatest mountain systems of the earth, often called the mountain country - Cordillera. Within Canada, they are divided into the Coastal Range and the Rocky Mountains, where the richest mineral deposits are developed.
