It is good if an experienced mushroom picker goes to the forest. He knows what he is looking for and does not make dangerous mistakes. But if the experience of "silent hunting" is not enough, then you should get the maximum information from experts or on the appropriate sites. And in order not to drown in the information ocean, ask about mushrooms that are found in your area. For example, what kind of mushrooms grow on stumps? You don’t know, so let's take a look together.
Forest orderlies and pests
Here comes a man through the woods and carefully looks around the ground under his feet. There are a large number of edible and poisonous mushrooms. But if you raise your eyes a little higher, you will notice that some mushroom families prefer wood rather than soil. Moreover, both living trees and dead stumps, dead wood and deadwood.
Mushrooms on stumps and dry, for example, perform the function of orderlies. Their mycelium actively develops and feeds on woody residues. Gradually, although very slowly, the dead wood is destroyed, freeing the earth for new growth.
In addition to useful orderlies, there are mushrooms in the forest that settle on living trees. Spores penetrate through lesions in the bark or roots and gradually destroy the tree, destroying it from the inside and taking away nutrient juices. These mushrooms harm forests.
Edible - Inedible
As a child, many played this game, shouting the names of edible or inedible objects. But a mistake in the game can only cause friendly laughter, and a mistake in the forest can lead to serious poisoning.
Forest mushrooms are divided into several categories. They can be attributed to edible, slightly poisonous (conditionally edible) and highly toxic. There are no unequivocal signs that the mushroom can be eaten. It may look like a delicious picture, but be poisonous, or look like a terrible toadstool, but be safe and tasty. The most correct option is to study and carefully consider the edible mushrooms of your forest. And in the future to collect only them. This rule also applies when you pick mushrooms on stumps.
Types of mushrooms on stumps. Tinder funders
Many varieties of this fungus have a good reputation. Motley tinder funders in the people gave a gentle name - pestle. This is an early mushroom, it can be harvested in May. He prefers woody remains of deciduous trees, but can also appear on living plants.
This mushroom should be collected only young. The old ones are generally not worth collecting, they accumulate various harmful substances from the soil, water and air. Young variegated tinder men have a delicious and tender flesh. They are fragrant and fleshy, which makes mushroom dishes especially delicious. But the old mushroom stiffens and is suitable only for broth, but after cooking it will have to be thrown out. The tinder fungus grows old very quickly, but gives several crops in a season.
Tinder funnel sulfur yellow
Popularly, these mushrooms growing on stumps are called witch dough. They emerge from the stumps, like flows. Despite the creepy name, the mushroom is edible and quite tasty, has a light yellow color, very delicate and soft. It tastes like a magnificent omelet. But, as soon as the mushroom hardens, eating this tinder fungus is no longer possible.
Liverwort
These mushrooms on the stumps have a somewhat frightening appearance. They are dense, bloody in color, and on a slice resemble a piece of raw liver. Mycelium of the liverwort populates hardwood, mainly oaks or chestnuts. Only young mushrooms are suitable for the collection, having aged, they harden and lose their taste. By the way, the fried liverwort is slightly acidic and crispy.
Mushrooms
When mushroom pickers are asked about which mushrooms grow on stumps, they respond almost identically. At least the first name is honey mushrooms, but then the list may differ. But honey agaric is not a certain type of mushroom, but the name of a whole group, in which representatives of various genera and families are gathered. In fact, the name "honey agaric" is considered popular and indicates the place of growth of the fungus. The following species were attributed to honey agarics:
- The honey agaric is real. Has a honey-yellow or rusty hat, but some families are greenish-yellow or brown. In young representatives, the hat is spherical, with sparse scales, in mature ones, it is flat with a small tubercle. Another name is autumn mushroom.
- Winter honey agaric. Appears in October, may occur until early December. Warm winters do not disappear at all. It has a somewhat slimy hat, but it does not spoil the taste. The hat is light brown or yellow-orange. The edges may appear striped, as the lower plates are visible through the thin flesh.
- The honey agaric is summer. Has a slightly corrugated hat, wavy closer to the edge. The color of the hat is reddish or red-brown. These mushrooms on stumps are edible and tasty. Appear in the forest at the end of May, meet until the end of autumn. Mature mushrooms lose their spherical shape and become completely flat. There are no flakes on the surface.
- Honey agaric. This species grows in the grass, and not on stumps, like other mushrooms.
Varieties of oyster mushroom: oyster, carob, pulmonary, late
Connoisseurs confidently fill the baskets with another delicious trophy. These are mushrooms on a stump, whose name is oyster mushrooms, and they are very popular among mushroom pickers. Oyster mushrooms can grow in the forest or grown on an industrial scale. These mushrooms are divided into several types:
- Oyster mushroom is oyster, ordinary. Their fruiting bodies are tightly in contact with each other and are built in several floors. The legs are very short, and the hats are most often dark gray or brown. Colonies of light beige mushrooms are found. The name alludes to the similarity of the mushroom family with a large colony of oysters. The mushroom is resistant to cold.
- Oyster mushroom is carob. These mushrooms on stumps grow in large colonies, like honey mushrooms. Differ in a long leg located not in the center of a hat. The color is always light, golden or beige. The plates under the hat go to the leg and look like jumpers. The species is not often used for cultivation. The fungus does not tolerate cold, and the fruiting period is shorter.
- Oyster mushroom is pulmonary. The family forms a large cluster of fruiting bodies. The legs of these edible mushrooms growing on stumps have short hats located closer to the edge of the cap. Pulmonary oyster mushroom has the most delicate pulp, and in addition, it is quite elastic.
- Oyster mushroom late. This mushroom is very different from other types of oyster mushrooms. It has a soft, gelatin-like layer under the hat. Color - greenish brown or light brown. The plates are only under the hat; they don’t pass to the leg. But the taste of the mushroom is not too pleasant. It leaves a bitter aftertaste and a feeling of “rubber” pulp. But even these oyster mushrooms are their lovers.
On special farms and even in summer cottages, oyster mushrooms on stumps give a stable crop until frost. In the cold season, stumps can be moved to equipped rooms. And on an industrial scale, oyster mushrooms are grown in a special substrate.
