The population of the Orenburg region at the moment is 1 million 989 thousand 589 people. Such data for 2017 are provided by Rosstat. As in Russia as a whole, the number of urban residents is greater than rural. 60% of Orenburg residents live in cities. At the same time, the population density is 16 people per square kilometer, according to this indicator the region is in 49th place in the country between the Perm Territory and the Novosibirsk Region.
Residents of the Orenburg region
The population of the Orenburg region in recent years has been steadily declining. And until the mid-90s it grew. The peak reached in 1996, when 2 million 218 thousand 52 people lived in the region. Since then, every year the population of the Orenburg region has been declining. Over 20 years, the decline amounted to about 30 thousand people.
In general, statistics on this area in Russia has been conducted since 1897. Then in Orenburg, other cities, towns and villages, when asked how many people are in the Orenburg region, statisticians gave fairly accurate figures. In total, 1 million 600 thousand 145 people were registered.
Fertility dynamics
The number of births in the Orenburg region per 1, 000 people is 14.6 people. Significant growth in this indicator was outlined in the early 2000s. So, if in 1999, 9.1 children were born per thousand inhabitants, then in three years this figure increased by more than one and a half units.
A constant increase in the birth rate in the region continued until 2010, when it amounted to 14.1 children per thousand inhabitants. After that, successful years alternate with unsuccessful in terms of fertility.
Mortality dynamics
In general, in recent years, mortality in the Orenburg region has been increasing. This, of course, is reflected in the population of the Orenburg region now.
Scrupulous statistics on mortality have been going on since 1970. Then 7.9 people died per thousand inhabitants. Since then, the number of deaths has increased annually. In 2005, this indicator almost doubled and amounted to 15 and a half dead per thousand inhabitants. In recent years, health care in the region, as well as throughout the country, has been given close attention. Therefore, the statistics were stabilized. According to the latest data from the Federal State Statistics Service, 14.2 people die every thousand Orenburg residents every year.
Regions of the Orenburg Region
The population of the Orenburg region is distributed in 35 districts. Among them there are also leaders and lagging behind in the number of residents. Municipalities in which there is industrial production, prospects for development and investment are developing more intensively than the rest. Every year people from backward regions leave en masse to Orenburg and neighboring regions.
The population of the Orenburg region, for the most part, has been declining in recent years. The leader is Pervomaisky district with its capital in the village of Pervomaisky. Almost 90 thousand people live here. Moreover, the main economy of the region is the development of agricultural products. May Day specializes in meat and dairy farming and grain growing. The district has 18 large and medium-sized agricultural enterprises, as well as almost a hundred peasant farms. There is industry in the area. The oil industry is developed here. About 800 kilometers of gas pipelines were laid in the Pervomaisky district.
Among those lagging behind is Matveyevsky District, located in the northeast of the region. Only 11 thousand 209 people live here. The administrative center is the village of Matveevka. Only agriculture is developing in the district. Enterprises specialize in growing potatoes and sunflowers. Three cooperatives (analogues of Soviet collective farms) and several individual entrepreneurs operate in the district.
In general, the Orenburg region is a dynamically developing Russian region. Among the oil producing regions of Russia, he takes fourth place. It accounts for 4.5% of all oil that is produced in Russia. Therefore, it is not surprising that the fuel industry is the leading industry. Most of the oil fields are concentrated in the already mentioned Pervomaisky district, as well as in Sorochinsky and Kurmanaevsky.
Oil, which is rich in the Orenburg region, is a fundamental part of the Volga-Ural reserves of this mineral. To develop oil fields in these places began in the 30s of the XX century near the city of Buguruslan. Today, oil fields are expanding regularly.
Cities of the Orenburg region
Cities of the Orenburg region in terms of population are significantly superior to rural areas. Almost 580 thousand people live in the regional center. There are 21 cities in the Orenburg region.
Large settlements, in addition to Orenburg, are Orsk (235 thousand inhabitants), Novotroitsk (96 thousand) and Buzuluk (85 thousand).
Industrial production is developed in Orsk. There are enterprises in mechanical engineering, oil refining, non-ferrous metallurgy, exploration, energy, construction and the food industry.
The economy of Novotroitsk is built on companies engaged in manufacturing, metallurgy, waste and scrap metal processing, and food production. The city-forming is Ural Steel OJSC. This is the largest metallurgical plant.
In Buzuluk in the 60s of the last century, oil fields were actively developed. The enterprises even managed to enter the international market, and Buzuluk was called the oil capital of Orenburg. However, in the last ten years, almost nothing has remained of industry. A large furniture factory was closed, machine-building plants went bankrupt, oil and gas production enterprises experienced a drop in oil production. Therefore, Buzuluk now remains one of the most depressed cities in the entire region.
Orenburg
The main population of the cities of the Orenburg region is concentrated in the regional capital. More than a quarter of all residents of the region are registered here.
The city was founded in 1743 on the site of the Berd Fortress. Today, Orenburg has a well-developed economy. The industry is based on the gas and gas industries, as well as metal processing and engineering. There are enterprises in the chemical industry, light and food industries.
Of the unique enterprises, it is necessary to single out Orenshal OJSC, which is engaged in the production of the famous Orenburg downy shawls, in addition to it there is also a combine of Orenburg shawls. The company "John Deere Russia" produces agricultural machinery.
Since the beginning of the XXI century, the situation in Orenburg has stabilized after the crisis of the 90s. The economic success of the city is largely due to the successful development of the Gazprom Dobycha Orenburg enterprise.
Active construction of new buildings began at the University of Orenburg; modern sports facilities and the ethnographic complex "National Village" appeared.
The composition of the population of the Orenburg region
Most of the residents of the Orenburg region are ethnic Russians. Their number is about 75%. In the second place are the Tatars - in the region almost 7.5% of the inhabitants of this nationality, in third place are the Kazakhs - almost 6%.
More than two percent in the region are Ukrainians and Bashkirs. Slightly less than two percent of representatives of Mordovian nationality.
The number of other residents of the region does not exceed 1%. About one and a half percent of residents during the last census refused to indicate their nationality.
Indigenous people of Orenburg region
Initially, the population of the Orenburg region was formed due to the Tatars. Now in the region there are about 150 thousand people left. Tatars were the indigenous inhabitants of the Orenburg region. Now they compactly live in several districts - Abdulinsky, Buguruslansky, Krasnogvardeisky, Matveevsky, Tashlinsky and Sharlyksky.
In total, almost 90 Tatar settlements are located in the region, where the number of inhabitants of this nationality prevails. In these cities and towns, the Tatar language is studied at the school, in the Orenburg region, 34 Tatar preschool institutions are open. More than 70 mosques work in the Orenburg region.
