For more than a hundred years, the city of Krasnoyarsk has become an excellent megacities with a millionaire population, which comes from a small Siberian provincial town. Its development is due, in particular, to the construction of bridges, which are unique and inimitable in their design solutions. For bridge builders, always blocking one of the largest rivers in Siberia - the Yenisei - was a serious challenge, which ended in victory.
Historical excursion
The construction of bridges in Krasnoyarsk dates back to the end of the 19th century. In 1895, Russian engineers began to build the first railway bridge, which was supposed to divide the Trans-Siberian Railway. The crossing was erected after 4 years. This bridge weighed 5440 tons. It became the largest in Asia. His model was exhibited in 1990 at the World Exhibition in Paris. There he was awarded a gold medal along with the famous Eiffel Tower.
This bridge on the Yenisei near Krasnoyarsk stood for more than 100 years. However, the iron has worn out and since the structure became unsafe for use, it was dismantled.
Continuing the traditions of Russian motor builders, as well as in order to provide Krasnoyarsk with modern transport systems, in the fall of 2015, a new, fourth bridge was built across the Yenisei. He connected the October and Sverdlovsk districts of the metropolis. In February 2018, he was officially assigned the name of Nikolaevsky.
Bridge specifications
The Nikolaevsky bridge became the first (upper) bridge of Krasnoyarsk in relation to the river flow. Structurally consists of steel and concrete elements. Its coating is asphalt concrete.
Together with approaches and road junctions, the length of the Nikolaev bridge is 6771.1 meters. Of these, 1273.35 meters - the length in the channel of the Yenisei. The main purpose of the bridge is the passage of vehicles on 6 lanes (3 in one direction and 3 in the other). The bridge also provides foot traffic. The bridge crossing has two multilevel interchanges on both sides. One runs along the street. Dubrovinsky, its length is 2.3 kilometers. The second roundabout is on the street. Sverdlovskaya and reaches a length of 3.3 kilometers.
The width of the bridge is 31.5 meters. It is equipped on both sides with pedestrian walkways with a width of 1.5 meters. The bridge itself is illuminated by 135 lampposts.
The total weight of the spans of the Nikolaev bridge is 26 177.9 tons. About 1500 people worked on the construction of the bridge. Almost 250 units of various special equipment were involved.
The progress of the construction of the bridge
The Nikolaev bridge of Krasnoyarsk begins its history since 2005. Since the time when the final decision was made on its construction. All work on calculating the investment for the construction of the bridge, design, preparation of detailed documentation was carried out by St. Petersburg Transmost OJSC from 2005 to 2012.
The first work began on October 27, 2011. On this day, the first earthwork was carried out, as well as a memorial plaque.
The bridge detachments of Krasnoyarsk, Novosibirsk, Altaysk and Abakan, as well as a large number of different subcontracting structures, were involved in the construction of the crossing.
In June 2015, the left and right banks of the Yenisei were connected by a new bridge. And in September of that year, test runs of vehicles were launched on it. This work was done by 16 dump trucks, which were loaded with a maximum weight of 25 tons. After all the checks, on October 29, 2015 the bridge was opened in a festive atmosphere.
In order to ensure the construction of access interchanges, on the left bank of the Yenisei, it was planned to dismantle 611 buildings. This work was actually completed by mid-2018.
Flaws
However, during the construction of the Nikolaev bridge, certain shortcomings were discovered. Thus, an audit of the Audit Chamber of the Russian Federation in early 2016 established that the bridge crossing capacity is 50% less than declared, which should have been 3300 cars / hour according to plan. Moreover, the allocated budget funds for the construction have been fully utilized.
One of the reasons for this problem was that a congress on the left bank was not built, which provided for the approved plan of the Nikolaev bridge of Krasnoyarsk. Certain problems were revealed in the order of redemption of real estate subject to demolition.
Currently, authorities from Krasnoyarsk are gradually eliminating these problems and shortcomings.
Archaeological finds
During the construction of the Nikolaevsky bridge, due to ongoing excavation works, surprising archaeological finds were discovered. The remains of ancient animals, including the mammoth, as well as household items of ancient people who inhabited this area about 17, 000 years ago were found in this area. In early 2016, during the construction of the interchanges of the Nikolaev bridge in Krasnoyarsk, the remains of an ancient woman were excavated, which archaeologists attributed to the South Siberian anthropological species. This find was recognized by scientists as the most important for the entire period of archaeological research in the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
