The Tarkhany State Museum-Reserve is not only one of the most picturesque places in Russia, but also an outstanding cultural and historical monument.
Lermontov in Tarkhany was lucky to spend a significant part of his life. Here he took the first step, uttered the first word, wrote the first children's poems. It is in Tarkhany, in the tribal crypt, that his body rests.
Short but vibrant life
Mikhail Yurievich lived a short but vibrant life: the poet died in a duel from a bullet of the insidious and embittered Nikolai Martynov. Despite the short time allotted, only 27 years (October 3 (15), 1814 - July 15 (27), 1841), Mikhail Yurievich proved himself to be a multilaterally developed, multifaceted person. Beautiful poems, prose and dramatic works carry a deep meaning, which was unknown to the writer in his youth.
He wrote the first Russian socio-psychological and philosophical novel “Hero of Our Time”, which is familiar to every Russian schoolchild.
The biography of the writer is filled with constant traveling, traveling and sometimes forced wanderings.
Childhood and education
The first move took place when Lermontov was only six months old. The family of young Mikhail moved from the Moscow house of General Tolya to his grandmother’s family estate, located in the village of Lermontovo, Penza Region. It is here that there is a unique, "home", non-military monument to Lermontov.
In Tarkhani, the writer received primary education. The lessons were held at home, because, according to the recollections of the grandmother, E. A. Arsenyeva, the boy grew up sick and weak. Due to poor health in his youth, he was often taken to the Caucasus for treatment.
In 1830 he entered the moral and political department of Moscow University. In 1832, he went to the School of Guard Ensigns and Cavalry Junkers. He received the rank of cornet of the Life Guards of the Hussar Regiment in November 1834.
First links. The influence of the Caucasus
In February 1837, Mikhail was exiled to the Caucasus due to the government’s disagreement with the poem Death of a Poet. Thanks to the efforts of my grandmother, the link did not last a year, but only a few months. However, even a short stay there radically changed the principles of the poet's perception of nature and life. Lermontov’s journey as a writer and painter begins.
A secondary reference to the Caucasus (1840) took place after a duel with the son of the French ambassador. The quarrel with Ernest de Barant was largely due to an annoying misunderstanding. Someone told an ardent Frenchman that he was the target of ridicule in one of Mikhail Lermontov's epigrams. The duelists parted without shedding a drop of blood.
The link that followed the skirmish with Barant differed significantly from the first: instead of folklore, military operations, instead of romantic moods, cold-blooded endurance and courage.
Pyatigorsk. The sad end of life
Winter 1840-1841 became for Mikhail Yuryevich a period of unfulfilled dreams. Arriving in St. Petersburg, he wanted to resign in order to devote himself entirely to the literary field, but did not dare to neglect the opinion of his grandmother. From early childhood, Maria Pavlovna saw the grandiose future of Mikhail. And it was connected with military affairs. Returning to the regiment, Lermontov met A.G. Remy (a former colleague), who gave him a cigarette case. It became a memorable and valuable exhibit in the museum-reserve, located in Tarkhany, there is a monument to Lermontov.
The Tarkhans became the last refuge of the writer after the unfortunate and tragic end of the duel with Nikolai Martynov.
The first burial was made at the Pyatigorsk cemetery on July 17, 1841, but thanks to the efforts of Maria Pavlovna, the poet’s grandmother, Lermontov’s body was transferred to the family estate. The soul of Mikhail Yuryevich found peace after being buried in the family chapel on April 23, 1842.
Let's go through the memorable places
Dozens of creations of human hands help preserve the memory of the work and personality of M. Yu. Lermontov. One of these works is a monument to Lermontov in Tarkhany. The work of the writer Valery Kanonov briefly examines all plaques and monuments in honor of the poet. Written work on the bicentennial anniversary of the birth of Mikhail Yuryevich.
In memory of Lermontov numerous memorial plaques, busts, museum-reserves and house-museums were created. All of them are connected with places significant for him: the Stavropol Territory (Zheleznovodsk, Lermontov, Stavropol, Pyatigorsk, Kislovodsk), Moscow and the Moscow Region (Serednikovo Estate), Penza and the Penza Region (Kamenka), St. Petersburg, Krasnodar Territory (Kuban, Taman, Gelendzhik), the Chechen Republic (the cities of Chechnya, Poraboch, Grozny), Vladikavkaz (North Ossetia), Kabardino-Balkaria (Terek, Nalchik), Voronezh, Tver region (Vyshny Volochek), Rostov-on Don, Veliky Novgorod, Volgodonsk (Rostov region), There Bovoy, Kusarami (Azerbaijan), Tbilisi (Georgia), Tarkhans and even China.
Tarkhany - sweet heart edge
Endless fields and forests, winding rivers, shady groves - all this surrounded Mikhail Yuryevich from childhood. Here the writer first fell in love. Subsequently, he wrote: “Who will believe me that I knew love, having 10 years of age?”
Years later, the manor house was transformed into the State Lermontov Museum (1939). After another 30 years, he changed his status to the State Museum-Reserve “Tarkhany”.
The museum-reserve can be divided into three expositions: the manor house, the church of Mikhail the Archangel and the estate of Apalich. A separate stage of the excursion walk is a stop under shady trees near the road. Here, not far from the manor house, on June 9, 1985, a monument to Lermontov was erected.
Tarkhans are memorable for posterity not only as the resting place of the poet and writer, but also as an example of boundless love for a small homeland. Mikhail Yuryevich was often inspired by the nature and morals of people living in the village of Lermontovo:
… I love my homeland
And more than many: among its fields
There is a place where I began to know sorrow;
There is a place where I will rest …
Monument created by a married couple
Lermontov's monuments include two, which were created and designed by one sculptor, O. Komov.
The first statue was erected in 1981 together with architects Yu. Penkov and N. Kovalchuk. The monument is located in the city of Lermontov, Stavropol Territory.
The sculptor O. Komov and his wife designed the second monument to Lermontov in Tarkhany.
The photo clearly shows that it is this creation of his mind and hands that is closest to the people: everyday clothes, ease of posture and a thoughtful look.
Its exact location is the State Museum-Reserve "Tarkhany" of the Penza Region. However, the monument does not exist in a single copy: a similar monument was erected in the Museum Museum in Moscow.
Man-made monument to Lermontov. Tarkhan
1985 was marked by the creation of sculpture, which perpetuated the writer in the image of a thinking, thinking and spiritual person. Previously, Mikhail Yuryevich was depicted in the guise of a hussar, a military man, which is why the monument to Lermontov in Tarkhany is unique. In addition, the poet’s connection with his native land is felt in him.
Tarkhan left an indelible mark on the work of the prose writer, poet and playwright. Very often he turns to places sweet for the heart in his works.
Mikhail's worldview began to take shape on the expanses of a family estate in the village of Tarkhany. Nature, the people living here, have become the source and inspiration for many of his works. For example, the novel “Vadim” is an echo of the Pugachev riot, which also affected the Penza province.
Monument to Lermontov in Tarkhany. Description
Tarkhany is a memorable family corner with which half of Mikhail Yurievich’s short life is connected. This is probably why the local monument blows home warmth, tranquility and pacification.
The sculptor created the monument to Lermontov in Tarkhany together with his wife and wonderful architect Nina Ivanovna Komova. The image of the writer, created by the spouses, harmoniously fits into the environment: the relationship of the serenity of nature and the laid-back pose of Mikhail Yuryevich indirectly indicates the essential role that the Tarkhans played in the life of the playwright.
Why is a monument to Lermontov in Tarkhani remarkable for museum visitors? Pictures illustrating the environment and the monument itself will help answer this question.
If you look from afar, you might get the feeling that in the shadow of the branchy bushes there is a living person who just decided to relax a bit after a walk.
A significant role in creating the image is played by the details of the bronze sculpture. Unlike other monuments, the monument to Lermontov in Tarkhany shows not an official military man, but an ordinary person, in which there is an inextricable connection with nature, native expanses. The simple casual clothes in which the writer is dressed, and a serene expression of face prompts us to such an idea.
