To deliver various signals that allow you to establish visual communication, including to determine your location in case of emergency, evacuation, orientation and target designation, as well as in other cases, signal flares are used.
Types and characteristics
Among those produced at various enterprises and in various countries, they differ in their capabilities, technical performance and the tasks for which they are intended. Earlier, until about the 80s of the last century, signal missiles, made in the form of a special cartridge for the corresponding pistols, and also allowing firing from smooth-bore hunting trunks, were most widespread. Later they began to be replaced by devices made in the form of a cylindrical tube that did not require any weapons, and the overwhelming majority of samples were launched directly from the hand. The signal rocket device is quite simple, but due to the need for accurate calculations and knowledge of the pyrotechnic features of the substances used, it is not possible to produce them in a domestic environment with the required degree of reliability and safety.
The main details of the rocket
Let's consider what basic elements it consists of. Firstly, it is directly a tube in which all components are placed. As a rule, cardboard or plastic is used for it, having the required qualities of mechanical strength, and in order to avoid dampness, covered with waterproof varnish.
In the lower part there is a pocket screwed up with an airtight cover, in which there is an exhaust cord, attached on the inside to a flow igniter. An explosive charge consisting of smoky or smokeless powder is placed directly around the igniter, and then a pyrotechnic composition follows through the gasket, providing after ignition a "star" which is clearly visible from a great distance.
In the upper part of the tube there is a light sealed cardboard layer, also designed to prevent damage to its contents under the influence of the external environment. In some cases, to ensure a longer duration of visibility of the burning pyrotechnic composition, it consists in a lightweight inner packaging to which a small parachute is attached.
Making a rocket at home
A smoke flare is manufactured in the same order. However, everyone is well aware of the various ingredients that make it possible to make a ground-based signal cartridge at home, which when burned up gives clearly visible and fairly dense puffs of smoke.
Practical use
Flares are launched, usually from the left hand. Fingers hold her body tightly in the middle, and the extension cord straightens with her right hand. After giving the device the required elevation angle, which should be at least 35-40 degrees, the cord is pulled out with a sharp movement, and the position of the cartridge should not change much in its direction. With special care it is necessary to observe the rule of movement of the right hand. It should coincide with the centerline of the device. If it is not observed, a missile launch may deviate with the onset of possible negative consequences: from a rebound to the fire of trees, buildings, etc. located nearby.
Storage conditions
Signal rockets should be protected from moisture, as this can lead to a failure of operation. In cases of water falling on them, it is necessary to wipe them with a dry rag, without violating the tightness of the cartridge. Protect them from exposure to open sources of fire, should not be left under direct exposure to sunlight, as this can lead to spontaneous combustion.
