The power industry, undoubtedly, is the basic industry of any country. It ensures the smooth operation of transport, industry, utilities and agriculture. It is also a component of the fuel and energy complex. And without a constantly developing electric power industry, the stable operation of the entire economy is impossible. The Russian Federation provides electricity to both nuclear and hydraulic power plants, but 75% of all electricity is generated by thermal power plants. The latter include the Cherepetskaya TPP, which is located in the city of Suvorov, Tula Region. And she got her name from the Cherepet River, on which this state district power station was built.
When choosing a place for this power plant, two criteria were guided: the proximity of fuel sources and energy consumers. As a result, the Cherepetskaya TPP was built near the mines of the Moscow coal basin. And the consumers of its electricity were the densely populated Moscow, Oryol, Tula, Kaluga and Bryansk regions. The project of this power plant was approved back in 1948, and according to it it was to consist of two units with a capacity of 150 MW each. Moreover, each of them was designed for high steam parameters: temperature of 550 degrees and pressure of 170 atmospheres. In this regard, the Cherepetskaya TPP became the first high-pressure steam turbine power plant in Europe.
To build this station, machine builders had to solve a number of complex technical problems and create equipment unique in parameters and power: steam turbines, boiler units, electric motors, transformers, feed pumps, generators, air high-voltage switches and high-voltage distribution devices. They also had to create and master new types of heat-resistant steels that were needed for the manufacture of parts and assemblies of boiler units, turbines, valves and steam pipelines. After all technical issues were resolved, in 1950 the Cherepetskaya TPP began to be built. And in 1953 its first block was launched, and in 1966 the last, seventh block was commissioned.
And next to the city of Myski, in the Kemerovo region, is the Tom-Usinsk State District Power Station. Four turbines with a capacity of 200 MW and five turbines with a capacity of 100 MW operate at this power plant. The main fuel for this power plant is coal, which is mined in the Kuznetsk basin. It provides electricity to the city of Novokuznetsk, where industry giants such as KMK, Zapsib, an aluminum plant and a ferroalloy plant are located. The source of water supply for this state district power station is the Tom River flowing nearby. And they began to build this thermal power plant back in 1953. In 1958, its first unit was launched, and in 1965 they passed the last. And now this station is part of the unified energy system of Siberia.
And the most powerful thermal power station in Russia is located in the Tyumen region. This is Surgut State District Power Station-2. Its construction was due to the discovery of a colossal oil and gas field in those parts. In this regard, the extraction of these natural resources sharply increased. At the same time, the load on the energy network increased, with which the first state district power station could no longer cope. Therefore, it was decided to build a heavy-duty thermal power plant, which began in 1981. It was truly a construction site of the century. The equipment for this station was produced at more than 50 plants of the USSR. And the builders worked at an accelerated pace and on February 23, 1985 they commissioned the first power unit.
