Unfortunately, in the modern world the threat of terrorism is becoming enormous. Russia, like a number of foreign countries, has directly touched this problem. Today, kidnapping, seizure of aircraft, explosions in public places are by no means rare occurrences. At the same time, terrorists, as a rule, justify their actions by religious dogmas, which they interpret in order to please their personal interests. In any case, the above criminal acts are dangerous in that they undermine the national security of the country, as a result of which hundreds of thousands of innocent people die.
Terror in Russia
In our country, terrorist activities have been carried out for many years. If we talk about modern Russia, the most terrible and flagrant crimes are connected with the Chechen company of the 90s and the activities of regional separatists.
The geography of terror in Russia is very wide. Even the metropolitan city has repeatedly suffered at the hands of extremist criminals.
The extent of the atrocities
Terrorists carried out subversive activities in Moscow, Volgodonsk, and Ryazan. They embarked on it after the house in Buinaksk was destroyed. A series of terrorist attacks in Moscow in 1999 included the bombing of residential buildings on Guryanova Street, on Kashirskoye Highway. This also includes the crime committed in the center of the capital, namely, in Okhotny Ryad shopping mall. In Volgodonsk and Ryazan, terrorists also planted bombs in residential buildings. As a result, a huge number of civilians died, and this fact was an iron pretext for the federal center to intervene in the internal affairs of Chechnya and restore order in the republic, although this step was not without difficulty.
Crime at the Manezh
Of course, the terrorist attacks in Moscow in 1999 shocked the whole of Russian society. Indigenous residents and guests of the capital experienced real horror and fear, for fear of going out. The first bombing took place on August 31, 1999. Who would have thought that the criminals would lay an explosive device in the very center of the city, and not somewhere else, but in the Okhotny Ryad shopping center! The bomb exploded at about 8 pm on the third floor, where the children's slot machines were located.
Thus began the terrorist attacks in Moscow in 1999. As it turned out later, the criminals planted a high-explosive bomb without a shell. She worked through a classic clockwork. Detectives found that a device of 200 grams of TNT was put in a plastic bottle or urn.
According to experts, the terrorist attacks in Moscow in 1999 mutilated the fate of many people: as a result of the crime at the Manezh, only 737 people were injured, including life-threatening ones, and 231 people died.
Investigators are sure that the attackers planned that after the bomb exploded, people would be destroyed not only due to the blast wave and fragments, but also carbon monoxide and fire. However, the partitions and walls did not catch fire.
Who is behind the crime?
A few days after the incident, it became clear that the crime in the Okhotny Ryad was the work of the members of the extremist organization Liberation Army of Dagestan. One of its representatives said that this was not an isolated crime, and the terrorist attacks in Moscow in 1999 would continue until the federal authorities stopped interfering in the affairs of the North Caucasus. This information became known to the France Press agency, whose employee in the capital of the Chechen Republic informed her by telephone of a man who introduced himself as Khasbulat.
However, the reaction of the federal law enforcement agencies of Russia did not follow then. Only at the end of 2009, the criminals who planted the bomb in Okhotny Ryad shopping mall were convicted. The initiator of the attack - a certain Khalid Khuguyev went to the colony for 25 years, and his accomplice - Magumadzair Gadzhiakaev - was sentenced to 15 years in prison.
Crime on the street Guryanova
The next was a terrorist attack in Moscow on Guryanova Street (1999). It happened on the night of September 9th. The criminals planted a bomb, as a result of which two entrances of apartment building No. 19 were completely destroyed. 690 people were injured in the explosion, and 100 were killed. The force of the explosion was more powerful than in the Okhotny Ryad shopping center, the bomb included 350 kilograms of TNT. The initial analysis of the scene of the incident found that, in addition to TNT, there was RDX in the explosive device.
The terrorist attack in Moscow 1999 (Guryanova, 19) also caused a great public outcry. The country's authorities urgently tightened security measures in the metropolitan metropolis and other cities. Soon on the air of television channels, the image of the person who rented a room on the ground floor of an exploding house was shown. It was a certain Mukhit Laypanov. It was he who came under the suspicion of law enforcement. The version was put forward that on September 9 (1999) it was he who committed the attack in Moscow. Investigators began to inspect all non-residential premises located in the territories under their jurisdiction. One way or another, but the terrorist attacks in Moscow in 1999 "gained momentum, " and law enforcement agencies increased their work.
One of the metropolitan precincts - Dmitry Kuzovov - in the house at 6 Kashirskoye Shosse, bldg. No. 3 talked with the owner of the furniture store, which was located there. It turned out that it was he who was the landlord of the premises that Laipanov rented. He needed it in order to store sugar. But no one could have thought that it was in such a simple way that criminals would mask an explosive device. The house was built of brick, so it survived under the blows of a blast wave.
It is noteworthy that the crime on Guryanova Street and another terrorist attack in Moscow (1999, Kashirskoye Shosse) have the same handwriting.
Crime on Kashira highway
Soon, Moscow was subjected to another powerful attack by extremists.
In the early morning of September 13, an explosion occurred in a residential building located at Kashirskoye Shosse, house No. 6, building. 9. As a result of the commission of this crime, 121 people died, and another 9 were seriously injured. Only five Russians were saved from the rubble. The power of the explosion reached 300 kilograms of TNT. The terrorist attacks in 1999 in Moscow were monstrous and egregious. Photos of the consequences of these crimes were published on the front pages of the metropolitan press. The theme of the criminal activity of extremist militants has become central to the media.
“It was a real hurricane: glass, plaster fell in, the apartment was filled with carbon monoxide in a matter of minutes, and ruins appeared on the site of an eight-story building, ” one of the eyewitnesses said when talking about the terrorist attack in Moscow (1999) on Kashirka. It should be noted that city services quickly responded to the incident: within a quarter of an hour, policemen, doctors and rescuers worked on the spot. Four perimeter rings were installed around the perimeter of the quarter. There was a lot of work to sort out the rubble, under them, EMERCOM employees found people, their documents, photos. It was impossible to identify corpses in most cases, since they were disfigured. This spectacle froze the soul: the eyewitnesses of the terrorist attack with horror thought that their house could be next.
The survivors of the terrorist attack in Moscow (1999) provided assistance to detectives. The headquarters of the operational investigative brigade was organized in a nearby school.
Detectives came from all over the metropolis to help their colleagues.
Eyewitnesses to the attack gave evidence according to which, shortly before the tragedy, a white VAZ-2104 car drove away from house number 6. An interception plan was announced immediately, but this measure did not produce positive results.
“The handwriting of this crime is very similar to the events that took place in Buinaksk and on Guryanov Street, ” said Deputy Minister of Emergencies Vostryakin. An urgent group was created consisting of experienced operatives, investigators, experts from the prosecutor's office, the FSB, and the Ministry of Internal Affairs. It was they who were to establish the causes of the incident and the identity of the criminals.
Crime similarity
Law enforcement agencies carried out careful work and did not rush to share versions of what happened with the sharks of the pen, referring to the "secret of the investigation." Subsequently, they stated that with a high degree of probability it can be stated: the attacks on Guryanova Street and on Kashirskoye Highway are links of the same chain, since both crimes combine the power of an explosion, the type of explosive device and the method of detonation. The detectives suggested that the same person committed the above crimes. In both cases, the bomb was manufactured using TNT and RDX. They brought an explosive device in ordinary army boxes: the weight of one container was 50 kilograms.
According to the ads, the attacker found small entrepreneurs who rented non-residential premises in different areas of the city, and offered them to issue a sublease agreement. To avoid problems with the tax authorities, he paid a few months in advance. Such a scheme of work suited businessmen, and they did not insistently figure out the identity of their partner and tried not to advertise a deal that was advantageous to them.
As a result, army boxes containing the explosive device were brought into Guryanova Street, in the house where the Argument-200 trade and purchasing structure was located.
The criminal had to mount a clock retarder and an electric detonator. According to a similar scheme, he acted on the Kashira highway.
The identity of the action movie is established
A few hours after the explosion, law enforcement officers managed to establish the identity of the offender. As already emphasized, they turned out to be a native of the KCR, one Mukhit Laipanov. Immediately, the man was put on the wanted list, having previously compiled his image robot. As it turned out later, the criminal acts under a false name, since the real Laypanov crashed in the past in an airplane, and the terrorist simply used his passport.
Comprehensive investigation of the autumn attacks
At the beginning of 2000, the Independent print publication published an article which stated that the editorial staff had the most interesting video material in their hands. The tape shows how a Russian man in uniform, who was captured by Chechen extremists, says that the 1999 terrorist attacks occurred due to the fault of the federal special services. As it turned out later, the officer was someone Alexei Galtin, who was an employee of the GRU. The Russian military was captured on the Chechen-Dagestan border. Alexei said that he did not take direct and indirect part in the laying of explosive devices in the metropolitan metropolis and the Republic of Dagestan. However, he added that he knew some details of the preparation of the attacks: the "string" leads to the FSB and the GRU. Galtin reported the names of the scouts who prepared the crime.
A year after the September tragedies, FSB officials informed the press about the outcome of the investigation. No new information was said: the same list of suspects, the same version of what happened. But one piece of news nevertheless appeared: the "Chekists" talked about the scheme by which it was possible to trace the route of criminals. First, TNT and RDX from the Chechen Republic fell into the village of Mirny (Stavropol Territory), then the explosives were transported to Kislovodsk, and from there to the Russian capital. The first point in Moscow was the company Trans-Service, which was located on Krasnodar Street. It was from this warehouse that the bags were forwarded to Guryanova Street and Kashirskoye Shosse. Terrorist attacks were also planned at Borisovsky Ponds.
In the summer of 2001, in one of the penal colonies of Stavropol, preliminary hearings were launched on the case of the 1999 autumn terrorist attacks that took place in the capital. Five people appeared on the dock (all natives of the KCR). Murat and Aslan Bastanovs, Muratbi Bayramukov, Taikan Frantsuzov, Muratbi Tuganbaev were to appear before the femida. The trial was supposed to take place initially in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic. However, the lawyers of the suspects said that the case should be tried by a jury, which at that time was not created in Cherkessk. For this reason, the case was transferred to Stavropol. The process was closed.
In the spring of 2003, the Russian Prosecutor General’s Office announced the completion of an investigation in criminal cases that had been opened on the facts of the explosion of residential buildings in Volgodonsk and Moscow. As it turned out, most of the suspects were liquidated during the counter-terrorist operation in the Chechen Republic, and the rest were sentenced by the capital regional court to life.
