It is incredibly difficult to overestimate the artistic value of Russian oral folk art. The nursery rhymes and scholars are attributed to the poetry of cherishing. Lullabies also belong to it. In our article we will talk about the forms of folklore that are used to develop a child. After all, nursery rhymes and jokes were created by adults for children.
Small genres of folklore
Everyone knows that the word has great magical power. Many nations respected him. The roots of folklore are in the pagan past. Most of the tales, songs, nursery rhymes and jokes were originally of ritual significance. Playing with a child, mom tried to protect him from the effects of various negative forces, such as illness, death.
Gradually, folklore works lost their ritual significance and began to be used for the development of children. There is nothing surprising. The light narrative style, entertaining plot and small volume make small genres of folklore very accessible for children's perception. Different works are used depending on the age group of the child. Nursery rhymes and appointments have a different purpose. The very first works that a child gets acquainted with are jokes. In content, they are more complex than nursery rhymes.
What are jokes? These are short in volume works intended for children. If the nursery rhymes have practical value, then the jokes have nothing to do with the game. They have a small plot, which in its content resembles a fairy tale in poetic form. In the center of the story is an event. The rapid development of the storyline attracts the attention of the baby. In addition, the special rhythm of this genre contains paired rhymes, as well as repetitions of phrases and elements of onomatopoeia.
The use of jokes is very useful for young children. They allow you to develop phonemic hearing, which is very important for proper speech development. In addition, they expand imagination, imagination and give first ideas about the world.
Jokes as a small genre of folklore
Despite the fact that in their content all the children's sayings in rhymes are very similar, they can be divided into several forms. For example, fiction-shifters. Unlike other types of folklore, which are intended for the entertainment of young children, these are poems in song form. The plot of such works differs from the jokes in that it reflects events from real life.
It should be noted that small forms of folklore had a great impact on the formation of children's literature. However, folklorists have their own point of view on what jokes are and what their role is. This is due to the fact that they were used not only for the development of children. Folk jokes were also created for fun holidays.
Modern pedagogy makes extensive use of children's folklore. There is a lot of potential for baby development in jokes and nurseries. It is no secret that even in infancy, the baby learns linguistic norms at a subconscious level. If parents, communicating with him, use nursery rhymes and jokes, then they unwittingly contribute to the development of speech.
The use of small genres of folklore in elementary school contributes to an increase in interest in reading in a child. In the lower grades, teachers purposefully use jokes. Grade 2 in the educational program studies these genres, getting acquainted with works of literature in an entertaining way.
The use of jokes in the literature
Not all jokes that we know today are of folkloric origin. Many of them came into our everyday life from works of literature. In this respect, those that Leo Tolstoy wrote for children are very interesting. Most of the jokes that he uses in fairy tales and stories belong to him. But the plot and presentation are borrowed from folklore. What are jokes in Tolstoy's fairy tales? These are the sayings that are used as an introduction to the main narrative of a fairy tale story. In contrast to the classic jokes, there is a narrative form. Very often it is not connected with the storyline of the tale.
The jokes are also used in the literature. The main characters of such humorous poems are not only people, but also animals and birds.
Jokes on holidays
As already mentioned, this genre is not only for children. Very often it can be found in some ceremonies that are held at various holidays. For example, at a wedding or Shrovetide. What are jokes at such events? This is a great way to amuse the assembled people with various funny rhymes. In the story of the jokes, there is always such a bright detail that will attract the attention of everyone and cause a smile. Similar holiday poems are taught by children at school. During various events, they use these jokes. Grade 2 and older children can surprise their parents with such knowledge in folklore during their school performances.
Nursery rhymes
This genre has similar features with jokes. But he is more gaming. Therefore, nursery rhymes, as a rule, are used for children as entertainment, as well as jokes-jokes. They are used by both mothers at home and teachers during various classes in kindergarten and elementary grades. They attract the attention of children, amuse them and at the same time educate and develop. They also play the role of a distracting moment when the child eats and bathes, especially when adults pronounce them expressively and with artistry.
