Military doctrine is a system of official positions and views that sets out the lines for preparing the state and its army for possible hostilities. Each country has its own approaches to the development of the armed forces, which can vary depending on the social system and politics, the degree of development of production forces, the introduction of the latest scientific achievements.
Definition: In fact, military doctrine is a kind of core of the general political activity of any state and represents the interests of all institutions, civil society as a whole and each person individually. Although the intentions of the government can be announced not only openly, but also in disguise, such a system does not provide for closed sections that citizens would not know about. As a rule, the military doctrine is clearly spelled out in the following fundamental documents: military and combat provisions, the Constitution, various legislative acts, the concept of foreign policy and national security.
In Russia: The military doctrine of Russia is a set of official installations, which determine the economic, political and strategic foundations of ensuring state security. It was formed during the transition period, under the influence of democratic transformations and a multistructure economy and a dynamically transforming system of international relations. In 2010, Russia approved new provisions regarding decision-making in the event of a full-scale war, as well as local and internal armed conflicts.
In any situation, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and the Commander-in-Chief will do everything to protect the sovereignty and independence of the state, its territorial integrity, defeat the enemy and repel aggression. In the case of local wars, Russia declares its readiness to promptly eliminate the source of tension, eliminate the existing preconditions of the conflict and prevent the resumption of hostilities.
On its territory, the military is obliged to carry out the rout and complete elimination of all illegal formations, and in international wars - to promote the breeding of the warring parties, to help stabilize the situation and create conditions for a peaceful settlement. Moreover, Russia does not provide for the abandonment of the use of nuclear weapons if the enemy uses any systems for the mass destruction of its citizens.
In the USA: The US military doctrine is based on the views of the country's leadership regarding gaining dominance in the world, and is often aggressive. So, on January 5, 2012, a document was published where the country's main political goal is to support its global leadership. Its provisions determine the stages of development of the US Armed Forces, clearly determine their composition and structure, preliminary planning of operations and even an approximate military budget.
This document has caused criticism not only in Russia, but also in Western European states, including Germany. Although the military doctrine, the provisions of which are described in it, is just a continuation of the previously formulated political goals, experts are wary of the phrase "global leadership."
Formally, the Russian Federation is not listed in the list of potential opponents of the United States, but one important point can be found in the document. This is a statement about uninterrupted access to natural resources anywhere in the world and providing safe opportunities for their transportation by air and water. Since Russia contains a significant amount of minerals, and due to the location of the state at the junction of Asia and Europe, the movement of goods through its territory is inevitable, such statements by the US leadership may be considered by the military and civilians as a threat.
