There is probably no person who would not love these sunny, bright orange, juicy and delicious exotic fruits. Unfortunately, the plant that produces these magnificent fruits does not grow in moderate climates.
In the article, you can briefly learn about these wonderful fruits: where oranges grow, features and conditions of their growth, etc.
General information about orange
The botanical name of this plant is an orange tree (Citrus sinensis). This type of fruit tree belongs to the genus of citruses (family of root, subfamily of orange).
Since ancient times, orange has been grown in culture. Its fruits are considered one of the most delicious and wholesome and therefore known throughout the world. Where oranges grow, we learn a little lower. And their homeland is China.
This is a photophilous plant, growing on light and loose soils, with a neutral environment.
The height of the tree reaches 12 meters, and its average life expectancy is 75 years.
Propagated usually by grafting, cuttings and seeds.
Description
Before we find out where oranges grow, consider what this tree is. Such a hybrid form was obtained in ancient times by crossing two types of citrus fruits - mandarin and pomelo.
The tree itself is evergreen, with a rather thick and compact crown, on the young shoots of which and on the branches themselves there are spikes and large spines, respectively. Its dimensions directly depend on the variety. The tallest can reach 12 meters, grafted on dwarf stocks - 6 meters, and indoor plants grow no more than 2.5 meters in height. There are also smaller varieties with a height of up to 80 centimeters, specially created for the premises.
Growth Features
Where oranges grow, you can see amazing things. The root system of an orange is almost superficial and has unique features that should be considered when growing this plant. Unlike other fruit trees, orange roots do not have root hairs, which contribute to the good absorption of moisture and nutrients. Instead, caps at the ends of the roots are found with soil fungi that exist in combination with the plant.
Mushrooms convert mineral compounds into the accessible form (the main thing is phosphorus), which are absorbed by the plant, and in return receive amino acids, carbohydrates and other important substances. This community is called mycorrhiza, which contributes to an increase in productivity due to an increase in the absorbing surface of the roots.
There is a problem associated with this phenomenon. Such a plant is more vulnerable due to the fact that mycorrhiza does not tolerate the lack of water and can hardly tolerate exposure of roots. Therefore, on the lands where oranges grow, it is advisable to observe one important condition. This is the creation of artificial irrigation.
Where do oranges grow in Russia? Do climatic conditions allow ripening of solar fruits in this country? And still they grow in Abkhazia and in the Krasnodar Territory.
Fruit
A round-shaped orange fruit is called an orange or hesperidium. It happens to be multi-seeded, multi-nested or seedless, and in its structure is close to a berry. The skin is a thick and soft structure up to 0.5 cm thick. On the surface, it is smooth or slightly rough, covered with zest, and has a thin white layer (albedo) below.
In general, the peel of an orange in the mass is up to 42% of the total weight of the fruit, and its color can be from greenish and light yellow shades to reddish-orange.
Usually the fruit has a dense and elastic consistency. Its internal mass consists of nests or lobules (up to 13 pieces) separated from each other, filled with very juicy and large cells of pulp with a sweet, sour-sweet or sour-bitter taste.
Most orange varieties have white seeds. There are also seedless plant species, the fruits of which are formed without pollination (parthenocarpic).
Where oranges grow - in which country of the world?
Citrus fruits (including oranges) grow in subtropical and tropical conditions, where mild winters and hot summers are ideal for growing such a plant. But in each region cultivate their own varieties of citrus.
Oranges grow in many countries - from China to Europe. The very first plants were cultivated in China, from where they were brought by ships on the shores of Europe.
There are still countries leading in the cultivation of these delicious exotic fruits. The most delicious sunny oranges are grown in Turkey, Egypt, Spain, India, the USA and China. They are most often seen by buyers on the shelves.
And they are also grown in Greece, Italy, Algeria, Portugal, Morocco, Africa, Japan, Australia, Brazil, etc.
