Some people are interested in: “What can be done in the south in late autumn?” Of course, go for mushrooms! In mid-autumn, their real season begins. Mushrooms in the forests of the Krasnodar Territory under the breathtaking names - white, royal, breast, caesar, honey agaric, etc. - inhabit rich forests. Locals are sure that if you know the place, then you can easily pick up a bag of various mushrooms.
There are about 1.5 million species of mushrooms on the planet. Some of them are visible to humans, since the specimens are quite large. They are called macromycetes. Form fruit large bodies.
Now we learn what mushrooms can be harvested in October in the Krasnodar Territory.
Edible mushrooms
These fruiting bodies do not need additional treatment before use. In order to prepare them, it is enough to thoroughly clean and rinse with hot water. However, people commonly call edible mushrooms conditionally edible, that is, those that are suitable for food after heat treatment.
Porcini
Starting to consider edible mushrooms in the Krasnodar Territory, of course, you should start with this. Its hat is 8–25 cm in diameter, 2–6 cm thick, convex, hemispherical, sometimes flat and pillow-shaped, brown, dark brown, tan, light brown. The edge is solid, straight, thick, even. The surface is finely milk, smooth, sometimes dry, wrinkled, matte. At the same time, the skin does not separate from the pulp.
The pulp is 1.3-4 cm thick, dense, fleshy, white with aging, more friable. The smell is pleasant, the taste is fresh. Tubules 0.7-2 cm long, white. The porcini mushroom in the Krasnodar Territory has pores that are round, small, white, and yellow over time. The lower part of the hat also turns yellow and becomes yellowish-greenish at an old age.
The foot is about 10 cm long, tuberiform to the base, periodically almost cylindrical, slightly curved or straight, dry, solid, matte, light brown or whitish with a netted white pattern in the upper region of the foot.
White mushroom in the Krasnodar Territory is ubiquitous (the vicinity of the villages of Saratov, Smolensk, Kaluga, Stavropol, Goryachiy Klyuch), in hornbeam-oak, oak, fir-beech, pine forests, shrubs, clearings, sandy-loamy, clay soil.
Hrabovik
We continue to consider the mushrooms of the Krasnodar Territory. Autumn is a great time to collect a hornbeam.
He has a hat with a diameter of 10 cm, cushion-shaped and prostrate-convex, hemispherical, yellowish-brownish, golden yellow, brownish-greenish, dark brown and brown during aging. The edge is smooth, solid, thick. Completely dry surface, slightly wrinkled, matte.
Due to cracking of the skin, particles resembling flakes appear. Between them, a fibrous grayish-white pulp is visible. It is fleshy, thick, whitish-grayish, fibrous-cotton-like. It becomes violet-pinkish at the break, then it darkens. Sweetish taste, pleasant mushroom smell. Tubules 0.8-2.2 cm long. Pores are round-oval, small. The lower surface of the cap and the edges of the pores are golden yellow, dark yellow with age.
Leg 8-14 cm long, 0.9-1.1 cm thick, curved or straight, thickened downward, pointed base, middle almost cylindrical and thickened, solid, whitish-grayish in the upper part, lower slightly darker, yellowish with aging, scaly-fibrous. The flesh is hard, yellowish or whitish-grayish, turns pink at the break, then turns red (slightly turns blue at a young age).
Mushroom picking is carried out in the foothill zone (not far from the village of Ku-Thais, in the vicinity of the villages of Saratov, Smolenskaya), in a deciduous forest.
Real fox
Telling which mushrooms grow in the Krasnodar Territory, I would like to pay special attention to chanterelles. And this is primarily due to their appearance. The cap is 3–9 cm in diameter, up to 1.3 cm thick, convex, indented in the middle, periodically funnel-shaped. The edge is bent down, wavy, solid, thin. The mushroom is yellow-egg colored. The surface is dry, smooth, matte, glabrous, the flesh is not separated from the skin.
Fresh taste, pleasant mushroom smell. Larvae are almost never affected. Gimenophore in the form of branched veins, running down the mushroom leg. The veins that replace the plates are narrow, sometimes thick, in the form of folds, very rare, do not separate from the pulp.
The leg is curved or straight, thinner in the lower part, goes up to the hat, one-color, solid, eccentric or central, dry, smooth, matte, bare.
So where do they collect mushrooms in the Krasnodar Territory of this species? Everywhere! For this, mountain and piedmont zones (the area of the villages of Smolenskaya, Kaluga, Kamyshanova Polyana, Goryachy Klyuch, between Lake Kardyvach and Krasnaya Polyana, in the Arkhiz and Psebaya area, near the Zelenchukskaya station), in a hornbeam, mixed and coniferous forest (Caucasian fir, aspen, beech, hazel, maple, hawthorn), on all kinds of soil, mainly with a moss cover.
Real honey agaric
You already learned what mushrooms grow in the Krasnodar Territory. Now it is worth considering the honey agaric. Its hat is 5-10 cm, hemispherical, outstretched, flat-convex, dirty brown, grayish yellowish, darker in the middle. The edge is bent down, then even, straight, thin, solid. The surface is absolutely dry, moist only in wet weather, covered with thin dark brown, brown scales.
Thin, fragile, fleshy, white flesh. Sour-astringent taste, pleasant smell. Plates shortly descending, frequent, white, then brownish-yellow, often with a touch of white spores, an integral edge.
The leg is almost always curved. Cylindrical, central, slightly thickened downwards (occasionally grow singly, in a bunch), solid, common color with a hat, slightly paler at the top. Furrowed above the ring, below - elastic, fibrous. A blanket in the form of a whitish membranous ring.
Now we find out where mushrooms are collected in the Krasnodar Territory. These are mountain and piedmont zones (near the villages of Smolenskaya, Kaluga, Krepostnoye, the village of Ilsky, the Psebay region, Kamyshanova Polyana, Arkhyz, the Laba river), in glades, in forests, at the base of trunks, on stumps, on roots and living trunks of different rocks.
Honey agaric without ring
What other mushrooms grow in the Krasnodar Territory? Of course, mushroom without a ring. It bears a great resemblance to the species discussed above. It grows in bunches, in tight groups, thus forming “bushes” or “families”. At each leg, the upper part is thickened and has no ring, unlike the previous opening. The plates are long downward.
It grows in the foothill zone (the region of the villages of Smolenskaya, Kaluga), in the glades, in oak forests, clearings, as well as on dead oak roots.
The mushroom is edible, reminiscent of an autumn mushroom in terms of taste.
Common boletus
We continue to consider mushrooms in the Krasnodar Territory. An ordinary boletus cap has a diameter of 5-15 cm, 3-4 cm thick, cushion-shaped, hemispherical, almost black-brown or brownish-white. The edge is solid, straight, thick. The surface is slightly wrinkled or smooth, matte, dry.
The pulp does not separate from the skin. It is fleshy, up to 2.5 cm thick, white, dense. The upper layers at the fracture turn blue, the bulk turns dark or slightly pink. Without a special smell and taste. The tubes go to the edge of the hat. Their pores are round, small, creamy white or white, sometimes turning brown with aging.
Leg fusiform at a young age, thickened below, then almost cylindrical, white, continuous, covered with dark brown, grayish scales. The pulp is fibrous, dense, strong. The leg turns blue with a kink on the periphery.
Mushroom picking takes place in the mountain and piedmont zones (the area of the villages of Smolenskaya, Kaluga, Engelmanova Polyana, Kamyshanova Polyana and Goryachy Klyuch), in deciduous and mixed forests of aspen, beech, fir, birch, pear, apple, hornbeam, hazel (hazel), on different soil.
Yellow hedgehog
But you can find not only the mushrooms listed above in the Krasnodar Territory. There is also a yellow hedgehog. Its hat is 5-12 cm in diameter, convex, thick, mostly uneven, pinkish-yellowish or yellowish. The edge is most often wavy, irregular, thick. The skin does not separate at all. The pulp is fleshy, thick (corky to old age), white. The smell and taste are mushroom, pleasant. Spikes consists of a hymenophore. Spines are very brittle, thin, pinkish.
The leg is usually curved, narrowed to the base, cylindrical, less often central, more often eccentric, solid, creamy or whitish. The flesh is the same color as the flesh of the hats.
It grows in the mountain and piedmont zones (the area of the villages of Krepostnoy, Kaluga, Kamyshanova Polyana, Goryachy Klyuch, between the Kardyvach lake and the Krasnaya Polyana village of Zelenchukskaya, between Psebay and). Mushrooms can be found in coniferous (pine, fir), deciduous and mixed forests.
Morel present
We continue to consider mushrooms in the Krasnodar Territory. This type of hat has a height of 4-8 cm, a width of 3-5 cm, brownish, ovoid. The edge mainly with the leg fuses completely. Cellular surface, rounded cells. The pulp is brittle, waxy, white. The smell and taste are mushroom, pleasant.
Leg 4–9 cm high, up to 3 cm thick, slightly curved or straight, smooth, cylindrical, whitish-yellowish, hollow.
It is eaten fresh (stewed, fried). It certainly requires pre-processing, since it is easy to confuse it with a line, conditionally edible.
Truffle white
This fruit body is round, irregular in shape, mainly with tubercles or folds, resembling a walnut or potato tuber. Size 4-10 cm (greatly decreases upon drying), weight - up to 500 g. A grayish-white surface, then light brownish, smooth, cracked in old age.
Fleshy flesh, white at a young age, then grayish yellowish. It has a sectional view of a marble pattern with curving dark lines where the bags are located. Fruit body at a young age without aroma, while ripening has a pleasant, strong enough mushroom taste and aroma.
