A relatively young republic in the very center of the Caucasus is distinguished by respect for its pedigree, ancestors, and history. The list of Ingush surnames in alphabetical order is replete with well-known clans belonging to respected teips in the republic. What was common in European countries during the Middle Ages flourishes in Ingushetia today. A small republic in the vast Russian Federation has its own leadership in the country, which is also associated with belonging to one of the surnames. Why is the genealogy so much affecting the life of this people?
Ingushetia and Ingush surnames
In 1992, Ingushetia officially became a republic of the Russian Federation, before that it was considered the territory of Chechnya. Now its close neighbors are Chechnya, North Ossetia, and Georgia. Ingushetia is the smallest territory that has received the status of a republic in the Russian Federation. From ancient times, this area is replete with beautiful views and towers. It is believed that the word "Ingush" has the meaning of "tower builders." And there are really a lot of ancient buildings and towers in the territory of a small republic. They amaze with their grandeur, as they were designed by architects in those days when computer graphics did not exist in the bud.
Geographically, people are divided into teips. Those, in turn, consist of families with surnames transmitted on the paternal side. Teips have a patriarchal system, since on the maternal side the history of origin would quickly be lost. The history of the collection of Ingush surnames goes deep into ancient centuries. Teipes were fully formed in the 19th century. The clan or teip structure occupies an important place in the life of the people, which may seem unusual to an outsider. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the structure of teips.
Teips
Taipy or teipy (both variants of pronunciation are correct) represent several clans connected by the territory of residence. In modern society, representatives of individual teips may not live nearby, but until the 19th century, resettlement was crucial. The most significant societies are considered to be the Galgaev, Zorinsky, Dzheyrakhsky, Metskhalsky and Orstkhoyevsky shahar.
Shahar is a teip association, which included 3-10 names. For example, the Fippinsky society, which was later formed on the basis of these communities, consisted of 5 clans: the Tsurovs, Lyanovs, Borovs, Arkhievs, and Hamatkhanovs.
All the bearers of Ingush surnames in a certain teip according to legend come from one common ancestor, whose deeds can be surrounded by semi-mythical details. Such associations could have their own cemeteries, temples, territory for dwellings, battle towers. Interestingly, the concept of blood feud is not among the members of one teip - revenge is allowed only to members of another association.
The number of teips was not constant: their representatives died in wars, resettled, were persecuted by more powerful communities, and new formations from old formed. For a long time, about 50 typs remained in Ingushetia.
In power
Although the concept of power remains relative, since the Kremlin selects the leaders of the republic, the president can nevertheless cause both people's discontent and approval with his decisions, thereby consolidating his position. The list of Ingush shahars and teips is invariably headed by the two most famous people in power - Tsar and Zyazikovs. The king has less influence than the clan of his rivals, but still remains representative. It consists of the Gaitievs, Tatievs, Tsaroevs, Mogushkovs, Myakievs. Timur Mogushkov, the former chairman of the government, now runs economic programs.
Teip Zyazikov has more large capabilities. The Odievs, Ganizhevs, Ganievs, Aldievs, Barkhanoevs belong to it. After Ruslan Aushev, who was at the origins of the creation of the republic, Murat Zyazikov was the main contender for the presidency. His candidacy was supported by the federal center, and the former FSB colonel quickly advanced in service, becoming a general. This is normal practice, since the authorities cannot have a representative of an insufficiently high rank. Rashid Zyazikov, his brother, manages the selection of all government cadres.
The influence of the Zyazikovs on this is not limited to: Daud Zyazikov, also the president’s brother, is responsible for emergency response and fire safety. Musa Keligov during the election of Zyazikov as president held the post of LUKOIL security service. He was an influential support only to the rising clan, but after the conflict relations became colder.
Aristocracy
Three influential and fairly well-known Ingush surnames are arranged alphabetically in this order: Malsagovs, Tangiyevs, Uzhakhovs. This is the “white bone" in Ingushetia, its aristocracy. Each of the surnames comes from different teips, but interestingly, the other surnames of a kind are not included in this narrow society of the elect. The aristocracy does not tolerate strangers in their possessions: those who do not have an indigenous origin from these clans cannot be accepted into their circle.
The Malsagovs and Uzhakhovs deserved respect in society because in the Russo-Turkish war they led “wild divisions” with the rank of generals. The divisions were mountain units belonging to the Russian army and occupying the side of Russia in the war. For their courage and exploits, the units covered themselves with glory, and the generals are still considered honorary representatives of surnames.
Ingush male names, such as the Malsagovs, are distinguished by ambitions. Not all of them occupy the main positions: Akhmed Malsagov headed the government, his relatives conducted private business, and some could be ranked rather as poor representatives of society. Nevertheless, no one forgets his origin, is proud of him and understands that the situation in society is only a way to realize his ambitions.
Dear surnames
The main family, which is known to almost everyone who came across the Ingush and their history, is the Aushevs. The history of the origin of Ingush surnames sometimes goes back to their famous representatives in past centuries, but this clan became famous relatively recently thanks to Ruslan Aushev, the former president. Having served a large number of years in the Soviet, and later in the Russian army, Ruslan Sultanovich most of all appreciated the personal qualities of his associates surrounding him.
Aushev didn’t really care about the representative of which teip he had chosen for this or that position. The main thing is that he loves Ingushetia and serves it for the good. For this reason, some ambitious politicians have not held their positions for more than three months. Other respected surnames, leading the list of Ingush teips, was a sense of elbow, namely: the ability to support your relative.
One of these teips is the Yevloyevs, the most numerous and characterized by close ties. A special method for solving the problems of the Evloevs is collective decision-making. Often the clan chose a more promising relative and gave him an excellent education. If the expectations were met, relatives were thrown off and a post was bought. In the service of the state, such a teip representative should always remember the interests of his relatives and be obliged to death by those who exalted him.
Visiting clans
On the territory of Ingushetia, Melkh live - a teip that has moved to the republic after the war. Prior to that, they lived on lands that are now under the rule of Chechnya. Being ethnic Ingush, for a long time they lived outside the lands of their people. The clan is considered to be very numerous - about 20 thousand of its representatives live in Ingushetia. However, Melkhi is not a separate teip formed on a geographical basis, as usual, but the collective name of immigrants.
The list of Ingush typs who moved to the republic is supplemented by the Batalhadjins. They are famous for their hot temper and serious aggression. They include the following names: Izmailovs, Belkhoroevs, Alkharoevs. Inaccessible, they form their own little world in a small republic. Quite a lot of teip is very purposeful. They will not stop before an almost unattainable goal, even if it costs someone health and the future.
The Council of Elders determines who the whole clan will vote for and which views to adhere to. If you need to achieve something (awards for the anniversary, new position), then different levers will be used: flattery, pressure, blackmail, and more.
The role of teips in Ingushetia is very important in society and is placed higher than even in Chechnya, where such a division is also widespread.
Shukri Dakhkilgov. “Origin of Ingush surnames”
In the XVIII-XIX centuries, the artificial resettlement of the Ingush began in those territories where the people adapted with difficulty. The history of many Ingush surnames ended sadly in these times: hunger, ill-treatment of the indigenous population with immigrants and oppression negatively affected not only physically, but also morally. The spiritual genocide of the people led to ignorance, an acute national question, and loss of heritage. Why did the state need this? Imperial power feared the revolt of the impulsive people living in the highlands.
This is what the famous local historian Shukri Dakhkilgov wrote about. His homeland is the village of Dolakovo in Nazran. In addition to writing, he is known for conscientious performance of duties in the city executive committee, where he worked as its chairman for four years. But there was another side where the local historian left a huge legacy: a writer, scientist, journalist, public figure. He did not stop at the already known information, but tried to get to the bottom.
The area of resettlement, Ingush teips and surnames, the history of Ingushetia, the fraternity of some communities - this is not all that interested Shukri. For years, he collected information about his compatriots, drew attention to little-known aspects of history. About the man who first conquered the peak of the Caucasus, tells the book "From the history of mountaineering." In addition, “The Origin of Ingush Surnames”, “In Defense of Indisputable Truths”, “A Word about the Native Land” and other works are considered well-known.
Similarity with Ossetian surnames
Two related peoples have enough coincidences in history and are related. Ossetian surnames having Ingush origin are found both in the territories of Ingushetia and Ossetia. Here is the belief associated with this: there were three Kaloev brothers. After an armed skirmish, one of them killed a man. In order not to fall victim to blood feud, he fled to Ossetia, the second remained in Ingushetia, and the third moved to Digoria. Three surnames from different peoples came from here - each left offspring, who considered their country of birth as the country where they were born, at the same time bore the surname of the Kaloevs. In Ingushetia, even the family tower of this family name has been preserved. She is called Keli.
However, this is not the only last name. So, the Hamathanovs are now considered one of the most respected and recognizable clans. They have relatives in villages located in the Long Valley and Ezmi. In addition, there are carriers of other surnames, such as the Tsoraevs and Durovs, descending from the Ingush Dorian society.
Why could such a confusion take place? It's simple: well-known good names that had an excellent reputation, were looking for their own kind for an equal marriage. Sometimes the chosen one was in neighboring nations. In some cases, the heads of teips were inferior. Some family ties can be traced almost from the beginning of the genus.
Difference from Chechens
The Ingush also have a lot in common with the Chechens. It is understandable - these are two nations that have occurred due to the demarcation of one. However, over the years of different histories, they have accumulated significant differences. First of all, the Caucasian war divided the two peoples on opposite sides of the conflict: the Chechens advocated the ideas of Muridism, the military-religious movement, and the Ingush fought for the faith. The end of hostilities meant for the Ingush the settlement of their territories by strangers, which did not contribute to the preservation of the history of their people.
The collapse of the Soviet Union also did not lead to an increase in the number of coincidences between the two kindred peoples. The Ingush became part of Russia, and Chechnya fought for full independence. Now these are two subjects of the federation - the Republic of Ingushetia and Chechnya. In addition, the views of both peoples were influenced not only by the division of borders and the orientation of politics, but also by religion. Chechens adopted Sunni Islam a century earlier than the Ingush, and during the Caucasian war, worship acquired fanatical notes. Ingush surnames and teips always took religion more calmly.
Traditions distinguish one nation from another, but at the same time religious beliefs influence their characteristics. Until recently, the Ingush worshiped the cult of the family, belief, where the race and its features are held in high esteem. Now they are very surprised that the Chechens, for example, are able to serve guests a soup, not a meat dish. Thanks to the centuries-old worship of the family cult, their marriages are stronger: the attitude of relatives to each other, the way to solve problems, receive guests, new trends of old traditions influence.
