Every year, in every country in the world, studies of the socio-demographic background are conducted. Many factors influence its change: fertility, mortality, state policy in the social sphere, retirement age, nation’s health index, inflation rate and much more. This study forms the basis of the ranking, which shows the life expectancy of countries. Why is this necessary? Using the rating, experts determine where the standard of living is highest.
A bit of terminology and statistics
To fully understand this topic, you should define the basic terms. Country life expectancy is a demographic indicator that shows the mortality rate of a population. In other words, this is the average number of years lived by an average person. The indicator is constantly changing. This is due to events that occur in different countries and affect the duration of life.
A parameter such as life expectancy by country also depends on many chronic diseases. It should be noted that young people at the present stage acquire such chronic diseases that 40 years ago were the lot of elderly people. This leads to environmental degradation, a sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet, the transition of a person to a model of a consumer society.
According to WHO estimates, the main indicator of the quality of the health system is the average life expectancy by country. This index shows the number of years on average that people who were born in one year or who have reached a specific age in the present time should live. This index will be considered correct if it is assumed that throughout their lives, mortality in a particular age group will not differ much from that in the same year.
Each year, specialists check statistical indicators, based on which they draw conclusions about changes in the birth rate and mortality index. It takes into account characteristics such as the age of deceased people and the causes of their death. Based on these data, an indicator such as the average life expectancy by country is also derived.
The struggle to improve living standards
Life expectancy in the Atlantic, Japan and China is still high. At the same time, the tendency towards a decrease in the birth rate is also confidently maintained. States are trying to deal with such a problem by taking a variety of measures. Efforts are directed not only at increasing the life span of people.
Scientists have identified the threshold that a person can live, according to the genetic material laid down in it. This is an average of 120 years. Therefore, science and medicine have much to strive for. Life expectancy in countries today is much lower than we would like. Therefore, various scientific centers at the present stage are busy solving the problem of human aging and prolonging his youth. In recent years, there have been many high-profile statements on this topic. It was a question of breakthroughs in the study of this problem, the achievement of some results. The work today is very expensive. Even a country in the world that is rich enough cannot apply them massively in relation to the population. Therefore, the governments of the countries continue to pay all attention to changing the thinking of the population towards a healthy lifestyle and improving the medical care of the elderly.
The mortality rate among men and women is different
The average life expectancy in the countries of the world among men, according to statistics, is less than that of women. About 4-6 years. Depending on the country, its development prospects, economic and political component. In some states, the gap is even greater - up to 10-14 years.
What factors affect the lives of men
The average life expectancy in countries of the world among men depends on many factors. The presence of bad habits, nutrition, how much he sleeps, how he rests, whether he practices sports, what he is sick with. These are the basic physical aspects that directly affect the duration of life.
The working conditions in which men work, hard physical labor, the danger of the profession also cut back several years. This also includes enthusiasm for extreme sports, the popularity of which is gaining momentum throughout the world today. Love for risk is not in vain for the body.
War. New armed conflicts are emerging all over the world. Since the male half of humanity takes part in them, their life span is correspondingly reduced.
Men also reduce their age due to the psychological component. They tend to live on wear and tear, are most prone to panic and stress due to the fact that they are too impulsive. Recently, they have become too lethargic in relation to the family, relatives, people around. Lack of enthusiasm for anything, the ability to switch brains with thoughts about work, financial situation lead to a deterioration in the emotional state of a person. All this affects the psychological state of men and leads to deterioration of the body.
What can be said about the standard of living of women?
Why are women longer in life? This is largely due to the development of medicine. Early detection of diseases, reduction of infant mortality, infectious and non-communicable diseases, disease prevention. Women are more attentive to their health, and if something bothers them, they will go to the doctor immediately, without delay.
Women are less prone to bad habits than men. They pay a lot of attention to proper nutrition, physical education, an energetic lifestyle. In the psychological aspect, women are more inert, stable. Despite their emotional behavior, they can find their pivot not only in work, but also in the family to which they are more attached. Women are constantly keen on something, go to all kinds of courses or independently master them at home. Comprehensive activity, not only physically, but also psychologically, helps to maintain good health. Thus, women extend their lives.
World performance
As already mentioned, each year the rating of countries by life expectancy is updated. Unfortunately, according to last year’s list, the residents of Russia have nothing to rejoice about. Our state confidently takes only 129th place. The average life expectancy at the same time slightly exceeds 66 years. If we compare, the list of countries with life expectancy exceeding Russia is as follows (the CIS states were taken into account):
- Kazakhstan (a little over 67 years).
- Turkmenistan (a little over 68 years).
- Kyrgyzstan (68.9 years).
Leading countries in terms of life expectancy are as follows:
- Japan. The average life expectancy index is 82.15 years.
- Singapore. Life expectancy reaches 82 years.
- France. People in this country live on average about 81 years.
Among outsiders, countries such as Zambia, Angola and Swaziland stand out especially strongly. This is primarily due to the fact that military conflicts are constantly taking place in these states.
