Many wonderful cultural monuments and attractions can be found in Moscow. Walking around its center, it is worth getting acquainted with many objects of cultural heritage and seeing a large number of interesting things. Their history is usually closely connected with the history of the city itself, therefore it is especially interesting to recognize it. Many routes are laid in the capital to explore important sights. One of them is the Krutitsky Compound in Moscow. The article will discuss what kind of object it will be, it will tell about its history and some interesting facts related to it.
Krutitsky Compound in Moscow - general information
First you need to figure out what constitutes Krutitsky Compound. Firstly, it should be noted that this is a special monument of architecture. Secondly, it is a historical monument. It was laid back in the XIII century. Initially, it served as a monastery, and then became the residence where the bishops lived. At one time, he was even one of the branches of the State Historical Museum. The compound is located in the historical center of Moscow, in the Tagansky district. You can often see visitors here, since the Krutitsky Compound in Moscow includes several objects that are always of interest to people, both local residents and tourists.
Many are also interested in the origin of the name of this place. It is believed that the word "krutitsy" means a hill, and this place is located just on the high bank of the Moscow River, just below the mouth of the Yauza. Now it became clear what constitutes Krutitsky Compound in Moscow. How to get here? This question interests many. It will be considered later. This place is known for its beauty, here you can not only get acquainted with the sights, but also just take a walk and enjoy unusually beautiful views.
What objects does the compound include?
Thus, we got to know this place a bit and reviewed the general information about it. Now it’s worth telling a little about what you can see when visiting the Krutitsky Compound in Moscow. Here several objects are located at once, each of which is of separate interest. All these objects are cultural monuments and keep their own history. So, the compound includes:
- Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Krutitsy (built in 1700).
- Krutitsky teremok and Voskresensky transitions (created in the XVII century).
- Metropolitan Chambers (built at the end of the 17th century).
- Church of the Resurrection of the Word on Krutitsy (erected in the XVII century).
- The corps of metropolitan orders and other objects.
Now it became clear what the compound includes, as well as what it is known for. Almost all the buildings located here date back to the 17th century. It will be very informative for every person who comes here to see them and find out their history. Now it’s worthwhile to elaborate on some of the objects that are of the greatest interest.
Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary on Krutitsy
So, you should take a closer look at this wonderful cathedral. According to some reports, the cathedral existed in the middle of the 15th century, but then it bore a different name. At the beginning of the XVI century, the temple was rebuilt and received a modern name. In 1612, this cathedral became almost the central church of Moscow, while the Kremlin cathedrals were captured by the Poles.
In 1655, it was decided to reconstruct the cathedral building and its construction in stone. By the end of the XVII century, construction was completed, and the consecration of the cathedral took place. The building is very interesting for its architecture.
However, after the revolution, significant changes took place, and in 1920 the cathedral was closed. Here it was decided to create living quarters, as a result, all the paintings that were on the walls of the temple, unfortunately, were painted over. Since the 60s of the XX century, the temple was used as a production building, and then moved to the Historical Museum and for some time was its branch.
Since 1993, services have been held here again. Currently, restoration of some parts of the temple.
Krutitsky Terem
Now it’s worth talking about another important facility located in Krutitsky Compound. This is the whole part of the whole complex, which consists of elements such as the holy gate, as well as a tower, which is located directly above the gate.
This building is very interesting and unusual. It was built at the end of the XVII century, in 1693. Then not only the tower itself was erected, but also special passages, they led from the chambers in which the chambers were located, directly to the cathedral. The famous architect of that time, Osip Startsev, worked on these buildings. The building and the gate still amaze with its beauty. They are decorated with magnificent glazed tiles, which look very unusual. In addition, the gate was decorated with frescoes.
Unfortunately, the building was noticeably damaged by a fire that occurred in 1737. After this event, many elements of the decoration were replaced, and the tower began to look different. However, in the XIX century it was decided to restore the building, and the appearance of the tower was as close as possible to its original appearance.
How and when was the compound created - an excursion into history
So, we examined the basic elements of the entire architectural ensemble. Now it’s worthwhile to elaborate on how and at what time the Krutitsky Compound appeared in Moscow. His story is unusually interesting and full of various surprises. To begin with, it is worth noting that the village of Krutitsy itself was in a very favorable place. It was here that important paths passed, which have long been actively used for trade and other purposes. On these routes we got to Ryazan and Kolomna.
There are several versions of how the compound appeared. According to the first, in this place in the XIII century a temple was laid. This happened under the leadership of Prince Daniel of Moscow. There is another legend that says that initially a Greek chronicler named Varlaam stayed here. He settled in these places, and a church was laid here, later a monastery arose around it.
The history of the compound in the XVIII – XIX centuries
So, it was told about how and at what time the Krutitsky Compound appeared. His fate was far from simple. It was badly damaged during the Moscow fire in 1737.
A little later, when the buildings were put in order, a seminary began to operate here, which was subsequently moved to another place.
However, that fire, which was noticeably reflected in the appearance of the objects of this ensemble, was not the only one. The cathedral in the compound was also very badly damaged in 1812, already as a result of another fire. A few years later they decided to disassemble it and make barracks or outbuildings on this site. However, upon learning of such a decision, the clergy immediately intervened in this matter. After that, a decision was made to reconstruct the cathedral, as a result of which it was gradually restored. In total, the reconstruction lasted more than 30 years. It took place from 1833 to 1868.
Krutitsky Compound in Soviet times
Now it’s worth talking about what happened to the compound during the transition to Soviet power. Krutitsky patriarchal compound in Moscow at that time was going through hard times. Divine services in the cathedral ceased to be held after 1924. After a short time, everything that was in the temple was taken out and plundered. Images on the walls were painted over. In the 30s of the XX century, one could see the barracks, which took the place of the cathedral. In the cemetery, a football field was organized. However, in 1947, it was decided to reconstruct Krutitsy. The restoration of the facilities lasted a rather long time, over 30 years. Until 1966, objects on the territory of the compound were not recognized as objects of cultural heritage. In the 80s Krutitsy became a branch of the Historical Museum. In the early 90s, half of the courtyard was returned to the church.
Restoration work in this architectural ensemble is ongoing. In 2008, frescoes, interior interiors and other details were already restored in the temple.
Where is the compound
So, the history of this place and its objects was examined in detail. Now I need to say a few words about its location. It is located almost in the city center. When you are nearby, you should definitely visit the Krutitsky Compound in Moscow. The address of the compound: Krutitskaya street, 17, building 4.
We can say that it is located at the intersection of two streets, one of them is Krutitskaya, the other is 1st Krutitsky Lane. Thus, it will be easier to navigate when searching for this cultural monument. It will be most convenient to walk from the metro station “Krestyanskaya Zastava” or “Proletarskaya”.
You can not only admire the beautiful architecture, but also touch the history by going to the Krutitsky Compound in Moscow. Opening hours - from 10:00 to 17:00. The museum is open all days except Tuesday. It is also closed on the first Monday of every month.
Are worship services held here
Many are interested in the question whether services are currently held here. The answer to this question is in the affirmative, services have been held for a long time in such a wonderful place as the Krutitsky Compound in Moscow. Schedule of services is worth a look in advance. Usually they are held here on Saturdays at 8:00 and 17:00 and on Sundays at 9:00. Divine services are also held on weekdays, it is better to check the time immediately before the trip.
