The Russian Federation is a large multinational state, where many religions, faiths and peoples coexist under one flag. Maintaining a healthy legal framework, order and development in the country is the duty of the state. In our country, state power is exercised by: the president, the government, the Federation Council, the State Duma and the courts.
The president
As the leader of the country, the president plays an important role in the administrative apparatus of the state. His priority is to create a legal framework in which not a single person vested with power would violate the country's Constitution. The President has the right to select personnel for important government posts. The head of state appoints someone at his own discretion, someone suggests choosing the State Duma or the Council of Federations.
The President exercises power by influencing the legislative bodies, thanks to his right to submit his bills to the State Duma. The head of the country can also sign federal laws and send bills for reconsideration.
Another mechanism of influence on the branches of government is the annual messages of the country's leader to the Federal Assembly. The President points out the problem areas, which require close attention of the state.
The head of state exerts influence on the government, speaking at its meetings and repealing anti-legal decrees. The president also has the right to cancel normative acts of executive bodies of power, provided that they contradict the current legislation and the Constitution of the country.
The leader of the state is also the commander in chief of the country's armed forces. He defines the development plan for the defense industry and manages the military as a whole.
As the first person of the country, he exercises state power, determining foreign policy, negotiating with leaders of other states and signing interstate agreements.
Government
This is the highest body of federal executive power, carrying out public administration. Moreover, in his activities he is guided by the provisions of the Constitution, federal laws and regulatory acts of the President of the country.
The government as a body of state executive power carries out activities for:
- creating centralized financial and credit policies;
- creating a unified policy of education, science and culture;
- management of federal property;
- the creation of a legal legal field that takes into account the rights and freedoms of citizens.
The chairman sets the vector of work and organizes the activities of the government.
Ministers work within the framework of their department and carry out the tasks set by the chairman.
Council of the Federation
This is the upper house of the Federal Assembly, a government body that reviews laws, enacts bills of the State Duma, and also independently engages in rule-making.
The Federation Council consists of 1 member of the executive branch and 1 member of the legislative branch from the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
The Federation Council holds hearings separately from the State Duma, with the exception of cases related to a speech by top officials of the state and the President of the Russian Federation.
The Federation Council also compulsorily considers laws adopted by the State Duma related to currency, credit, customs regulation, international treaties, issues of martial law and peace.
The State Duma
This is the chamber of the Federal Assembly, which is elected by citizens of the Russian Federation by secret ballot and is engaged in lawmaking.
In addition to creating new bills, the State Duma can:
- confirm the choice of the chairman of the government by the president;
- raise the question of trust in government;
- appoint the chairman of the Central Bank;
- indict the president.
Decisions and decisions of the State Duma are adopted on the basis of a majority of votes. Organizational matters of the State Duma are decided by the chairman.
The Duma also hears a message from the president and holds meetings.
Courts
Justice in Russia can only be exercised by the courts. In Russia there are federal, constitutional and magistrate courts that make up the country's judicial system.
Each authority exercises state power depending on its competence and status. Courts of the same affiliation are part of the judicial system. District courts occupy the first link of the judicial system, regional and equal to them - the second, the Supreme Court - the highest link.
As a rule, any litigation begins with the court of first instance - the district. If the parties disagree with the decision of the judge, the decision is appealed to a higher - appeal - judicial authority. If a new resolution does not satisfy either party, a cassation appeal is filed with a higher court.
The judiciary is called upon not only to resolve disputes arising, but also to control other branches of government. Thus, the Constitutional Court has the right to declare laws unconstitutional if they really relate to them. If the law is contrary to federal law, the Constitution, or other normative acts, the Court has the right to declare it illegal. When accusing any public person, the Court is also required to confirm the presence of guilt. In addition, representatives of the judiciary can make decisions on the liquidation of religious, political and other organizations involved in illegal activities, and resolve economic disputes between state and municipal authorities.
Offshore authorities
The branch of power does not include:
- Accounts Chamber;
- Central Bank (provides economic growth and control of interest rates);
- prosecution authorities (monitor the implementation of existing legislation);
- Commissioner for Human Rights (considers complaints against state bodies in connection with violation of rights);
- presidential administration (creates the conditions for the work of the president);
- CEC (in charge of referenda, elections).
