On the territory of the group of ridges of the Southern Urals, in the west of the Chelyabinsk region, a magnificent national reserve extends. This place is located near the north-eastern border of the city of Zlatoust and is a favorite among many residents and guests of the Chelyabinsk region. This national park has the same name with the Taganay mountain ranges.
About the title
Translated from the Bashkir language, the name of the Taganay national park means “moon stand” (tagan - “tripod, stand”, ay - “moon”).
According to toponymist Kornilov GE, the word "taganay" comes from the Bashkir tyugan ai tau - literally "mountain of a young month" or "rising moon mountain".
Location
The location of the national park is 130 kilometers from the regional center, the western part of the Chelyabinsk region, adjacent to the border of Asia with Europe. In terms of administrative territory, the territory extends within the following municipalities: Kusinsky district and Zlatoust urban district.
The territorial center of the Taganay National Park - Zlatoust, through which the rail and road routes Chelyabinsk - Ufa - Moscow pass.
History
Forests of this region were very popular in the XVII-XIX centuries. Old Believers found shelter here, hermits underground built monasteries, masking their homes with moss, granite boulders and roots of twisted trees.
In the days of the USSR, forest was actively cut down here. Only in the 80s of the XX century, people began to think about the impending consequences of such economic activities. As a result, in 1991 the Taganay National Park was created.
Park Overview
The national park was created in March 1991.
The reserve territory occupies the northern part of the mountain ranges of the Southern Urals, which are of medium height. This park is a separate mountain junction, passing from three sides to the plateaus, and then to the plain forest-steppe.
Majestic mountain ranges, unusually shaped stone outcrops, relict forests, grasshoppers and a unique stone river - all this is accessible to nature lovers.
Dimensions, description
The length of the Taganay nature park from south to north is 52 kilometers, from west to east - about 15 km. The area of the park is 568 square meters. km The protected area occupies about 21% of the area, the recreational area - 59%.
Four municipalities surround the territory of the park, the administrative centers of which are the following cities: Zlatoust - southwest, Kusa - west, Miass - southeast and Karabash - northwest. The park territory is crossed by two roads: from the south side - Zlatoust-Miass, from the south-west - Zlatoust-Magnitka-Aleksandrovka. The terrain is also distinguished by the low density of the road-path network, which is mainly represented by traditional hiking trails laid in the mountains and valleys by different generations of travelers. The most popular is the path that runs along the eastern slope of Bolshaya Taganay.
Park Features
The uniqueness of the Taganay park lies in the fact that it contains plants and animals that are characteristic of the central part of European Russia, the Urals, the Volga region, Central and Western Siberia, as well as Kazakhstan.
Taganay is distinguished by its unusual wealth of flora. Among 687 plant varieties of this reserve, 45 species are relics. Ecological systems remained practically untouched in these places: meadows and mountain tundra, relict forests and woodlands subalpine.
The most valuable natural sites
The territory of Taganay Park (photos are presented in the article) contains the following natural attractions:
- relict spruce forest on Mount Itsyl;
- Big Tesma River;
- R. Greater Kialim;
- group of rocks - Three Brothers;
- cliffs-outliers (top of Mount Jurma) - Devil's Gate;
- Mitkina Rocks - Mica Hill, Three Sisters Hill and several nameless remnants at the Two-Headed Hill;
- Akhmatovskaya Mine;
- Mine Nikolay-Maksimilianovskaya;
- Responsive comb.
World of Vegetation
Plant world nat. Taganay Park combines several zones of nature: from the north - the zone of spruce-fir mountain forests of the middle taiga, and from the east - taiga forests mixed with larch and birch trees. Mountain steppes are found right there, and mountain tundra and subalpine meadows grow on the highlands. On this not very large territory, east-central-european plant species are uniquely adjacent to west-central-siberian species.
A peculiar meridional corridor created by the Taganai ranges promotes the growth of a wide variety of flora. On the one hand, the ranges of many varieties of the Arctic Ural flora along the highlands go far south, and on the other hand, the flora of the steppe south penetrates the north along the eastern foothills of the Southern Urals. In a word, on the territory of the conservation zone 2 floristic languages merge into a single whole: one from the north runs along the axis of the ridge, the other from the south - along the eastern foothills.
Park "Taganay" (Zlatoust) for tourists
In these paradise places you can admire the flow of the mountainous noisy river Tesma, enjoy the purity of the spring water of the White Key. Here you can conquer the Two-Headed Sopka, whose height is 1034 meters. From its top are visible rocky ridges and endless forests of the park, as well as the city of Zlatoust.
There are more interesting peaks in the park, such as the Responsive ridge located behind the rattlesnake. Its slopes resembling a crest create a wonderful echo. The highest mountain of Taganaya is Kruglitsa (1178 meters high). All landscapes of the park are visible from it.
The most unspoiled nature is located in the most remote part of the park - in the area of the Taganay-gora weather station. Here you can see magnificent sunrises and sunsets. In addition, here you can observe the usual phenomenon for this area - summer snow.
It should be noted that the administration of the reserve offers a bonus for visitors: everyone who takes garbage with them receives a souvenir with the symbols of the reserve at the exit.
Taganay Bird Park
Zlatoust can boast of a new eco-park located in a pine forest near the north-eastern part of the city, at the very foot of Mount Taganay. This is a bird park that was opened in 2014. Despite this name, the large enclosures of the ecopark contain not only birds, but also many animals, such as horses, sika deer, goats, rabbits and others.
The conditions created in the park are as close to natural as possible. Pheasants, ostriches, swans live here. In total, there are about 100 species of birds. You can see such domestic animals as pigs and chickens, in addition, they can be fed and held in their hands or stroked. There is an opportunity to ride horses and take pictures with a variety of inhabitants of "Taganay".
The ecopark operates all year round. In the future, it is planned to organize a museum complex and equip a rope park, as well as produce bio products.
Bird Park is a popular attraction in the entire region. Attractions are organized here for young visitors, including horse riding.
Tourist Accommodation
There are shelters in the park. The very first on the way to it is the "White Key", located near the Two-Headed Hill. This is a wooden house, next to which you can set up a tent for free.
At the Explosive Key, work is currently underway on the construction of new houses. There is also a cordon with 4-bed rooms, but you can pitch a tent in the shelter for a small nominal fee.
Climatic conditions
In the reserve, the period without frost is from 70 to 105 days. The highest air temperature is up to +38 ° C, the minimum is minus 50 ° C. The average annual rainfall is 500-1000 mm.
The period with a stable cover of snow lasts from 160 to 190 days. Humidity is 64-84%. The soil freezes an average of 66 cm (maximum value - 125 cm).
The dates of freezing and opening of rivers are November 6 and April 11, respectively.
