Any enterprise or organization in the course of its activities (production of goods, provision of services) uses fixed and working capital. It will be useful to recall that the first category has been used for quite some time, and the second gives all its full cost at a time, increasing the cost of a newly created product or service. Therefore, it is natural that to analyze the activities of the organization, it is necessary to analyze working capital, and also not to forget about the analysis of fixed assets. To do this, refer to the numerous data and information that the accountants of the company can share. In an economic analysis, indicators of the use of working capital are calculated.
In this case, the main of them are three coefficients:
1. The turnover ratio. The desired value characterizes the funds used in terms of the number of revolutions that they make for a certain period. The reporting analyzed value of time can take a year, half a year, quarter. Moreover, this indicator can be calculated by the formula of the following form:
Cob = Vp / Ocp, where
Vp - the full volume of exactly sold, not manufactured, products;
Ocp is the calculated working capital balance (on average) for the selected analyzed period.
2. Current assets include a variety of factors. One of them is the duration of one revolution. This parameter shows the number of days for which the company receives back the updated value of its invested funds. This can be both the receipt of revenue for products sold, and the company's net profit. The analyzed value is calculated as the ratio of the number of days in the period taken for calculation to the turnover ratio. The formula is as follows:
D = T / K about
In this case, K about can be represented as the ratio of the volume of only sold (not to be confused with released) products to the ruble value of the balance of current assets. Then this expression will take the following form:
D = T / (Vp / Ocp) or D = T * (Ocp / Vp)
T is the number of days in the analyzed period of time taken for calculation.
3. The third main coefficient, which is included in the indicators of the use of working capital, has a huge weight and is called the load factor of working capital. Without going into details, it can be argued that this indicator discloses how much money you need to spend to get 1 ruble of revenue. This parameter represents the capital intensity of working capital.
The formula for this coefficient looks like this:
C3 = (Osc / Vp) * 100, where
Vp - the total volume of the sold (not produced) products;
Ocp is the calculated working capital balance (on average) for the selected analyzed period.
That is, this parameter is inversely proportional to the turnover ratio. Therefore, the formula can be represented as follows:
KZ = 100 / Kob
It is logical to say that the smaller the value of this indicator (the less working capital needed to get the ruble of revenue), the better.
Thanks to the analysis of these parameters, you can talk about the financial situation of the organization. In addition to the three main indicators of the use of working capital also includes the coefficients of material consumption of products and material output. Moreover, finding the value for one of them makes it possible to find out what the second is equal to, since one factor is inversely proportional to the other.
Me = Ms / Vp, where
Me - the material consumption of all manufactured products (rubles / pc);
Ms - material costs (RUB) for the production of products of volume Vp (pieces, t, kg, etc.).
The indicators of the use of fixed assets in the neighborhood and harmonious cooperation with the indicators of the use of working capital give a complete and accurate picture of the financial situation of the organization and allow you to find methods, means and ways to increase the efficiency of its work.
