Rare, endangered animals, plants and mushrooms are listed in international, national and regional Red Books. They began to make up in the eighties of the last century. The article will consider the Red Book of the Bryansk region: animals, a list of plant varieties contained in it. This text contains information about those representatives of flora and fauna that are threatened with extinction.
Bryansk region is a region with different landscapes and natural zones. It has both taiga forests and the cultural steppe. The rich forests of this area are recognized as the lungs of Europe. The fauna from the Red Book of the Bryansk region is of particular value to humanity. And which one? You will learn more about this later.
Animals of the Red Book of the Bryansk region: description
More than forty species of animals are listed in this document. What animals of the Bryansk region in the Red Book? There are a fox, a lynx, a badger in it. Also in this category are representatives of the fauna, such as:
The bison is a large animal. Due to the hunting activity of people, by 1923 their number was reduced to fifty individuals. Animals of the Red Book of the Bryansk region need protection. Thanks to the efforts of the International Society for the Conservation of Bison, the population has increased to three thousand heads. They are kept in reserves, and scientists do not release them into unprotected areas.
- Russian muskrat is an insectivorous mammal of the mole family, striking in its unusual appearance. Prefer to live these animals of the Red Book of the Bryansk region in reservoirs with small dry areas. In the old days, the desman was actively hunted, which led to a sharp reduction in numbers.
- The giant evening party lives in broad-leaved, mixed forests. Lives in hollows. Offspring produces in the summer. These animals of the Red Book of the Bryansk region are active in the morning and in the evening.
Golden eagle
The power, size, proud head and formidable look glorified him for centuries. Golden eagles are the largest and most dexterous representatives of their species, reaching a weight of more than six kilograms, with a wingspan of up to two meters. Their vision is eight times greater than human. Due to the active population of the habitats of golden eagles (plains), they almost did not have “living space”.
Peregrine falcon
Above were considered some animals of the Bryansk region from the Red Book. And which other representatives of the fauna are listed in this document? Peregrine Falcons are the fastest birds and living creatures on earth that have gained worldwide popularity. They are called the most high-speed trains, motorcycles. The speed that peregrine Falcons can develop is more than three hundred kilometers per hour. Previously, these birds were called falcons. The real name is borrowed from the Kalmyk language.
Partridge
This is a bird of the grouse squad, changing white color in winter to colorful in summer. Because of the deliciously valuable meat, the hunters hunted it. Their actions led to a sharp reduction in the subspecies.
Steppe bumblebee
Not only animals of the Bryansk region, listed in the Red Book, need protection. I must say about insects. For example, a steppe bumblebee (a detachment of bees). In connection with the development of human steppes, their plowing and the use of pesticides, the habitats of bumblebees were destroyed.
But they are the main pollinators of flowers and plants. Their environmental benefits are invaluable.
Plants
What other plants and animals of the Red Book of the Bryansk region need protection? We have already talked about the representatives of the fauna, now I would like to touch upon the flora.
The plants of this area are diverse. Most of them are coniferous forests, meadow steppes, continental meadows. Water and marsh plants are very common. In the region there are two hundred and forty rarest representatives of the flora, one hundred of which possess medicinal properties.
- Sedge shade - a grassy perennial that is threatened with extinction due to damage to animals and the change of light forests to shade. It has broad medicinal properties. Its decoctions help with bronchitis, tuberculosis, bronchial asthma.
- Adonis spring. Its other name is Campion. It has been used successfully in folk medicine for a very long time. Due to the poisonous root in ancient times it was used in the persecution of wolves and foxes. Also used when necessary to get rid of an unwanted pregnancy. Currently, the plant is widely used in the manufacture of herbal medicines for cardiac arrhythmias, since it contains cardiac glycosides in large quantities.
- A real shoe - a grassy perennial with brightly colored flowers, similar to shoes. Of particular value is due to the high content in its composition of vitamins B1, B2, A and P, essential oils, tarry substances, tannin, trace elements, tannins. In addition, the plant contains resins, calcium, silicon, potassium, iron, magnesium, manganese, cobalt in large quantities.
- Wolf bast is a low shrub reaching one meter in height. It is bearing fruit. Due to its toxic substances, it can cause redness and blistering of the skin. It has antiepileptic, analgesic, laxative and hypnotic drug effects. It should be used with great caution due to its toxicity.
- An amazing plant is thyme. His other name is thyme. It is used in many areas of human life: cooking, cosmetology, folk medicine, and even in magic. They are fumigated with a room for protection from evil spirits. In modern medicine, it is especially appreciated because of the pharmacological properties. It is necessary to maintain the health of the body, prevents the development of cancerous tumors. It has antiseptic properties, eliminates fungus, microbes, viruses, helminths and other parasites. Antioxidants are found in large quantities in the plant, which helps prevent cancer and cardiovascular problems. Its benefits in anemia are invaluable, and the storehouse of vitamins contained in it is amazing.
