This river, flowing through Yakutia and sung in many works of local poets, is one of the most beautiful and picturesque in the republic. In its upper reaches is a state nature reserve called Olekminsky. In terms of its size, it takes fourth place in Russia (8479 sq. Km).
The name of the river, which is popular among local residents and is a left tributary of Aldan, is Amga. It came from the Evenki "amnga", which means "gorge" or "pad".
Information about the Amga River in Yakutia is presented in this article.
general description
The river originates from the Aldan Highlands and then it flows along the Prilensky Plateau. The source is located at an altitude of about 800 meters above sea level. The channel is almost everywhere relatively straight and pebbled. Starting from 1360 kilometers, the river valley is swampy with lots of lakes. Wetland decreases slightly below the mouth of Hohoy, and after 25 kilometers it completely disappears.
Further, the Amga River runs in a single channel in the midst of low mountains, slightly covered with forest. Its banks are rocky and steep.
Geography
The width of the Amga below the Tuora River is 100 meters. The main obstacles to water are small rifts, occasionally alternating with calm deep reaches. Along the shores along with larch grow pine and spruce, many berries. Flowing through the taiga for about 182 kilometers, Amga crosses the AYAM highway. From this place, rafting is possible on motor boats. The Amga River, to the village of the same name, receives 74 tributaries with a total length of more than 10 km.
Further, the river valley narrows, the banks on both sides become periodically rocky and steep. Right opposite the cliffs are gently sloping beaches, covered with sandstone and pebbles. Often you can find springs. Spruce, larch, polar willow and dwarf birch grow here. Many berries: blueberries and wild strawberries. You can find domestic deer, moose, wolverines, bears, hares and other animals.
1.5 kilometers down from Tyungyutte, below the weather station located on the left bank, picturesque pine forests appear. The valley is expanding below the river. Onnes, many small lakes appear here. There are fewer rifts and the current slows down. Herds of horses and herds of cows graze along the banks. Usually rafting ends at the village of Onnes.
Below the village of Amga, the river again flows in a winding channel (width up to 300 meters). The valley in some places is wide, with lakes. Often the river on the right approaches the high slopes of the valley, from the peaks of which open magnificent landscapes of the surrounding area. Birch forests grow in the taiga and there are steppe areas - alases.
Characteristics
The length of the river is 1462 kilometers. The average annual water consumption is 178 cubic meters. meters per day. In total, it has 195 small and large tributaries, with a total length of more than 10, 000 meters.
In the Amga River basin (photo presented in the article) there are more than 5700 lakes and approximately 2900 watercourses. The reservoir freezes at the end of October, and the autopsy takes place in mid-May.
Archaeological finds
According to archaeologists, people in these places live about 10 thousand years. Archaeological sites (more than 30) belonging to a wide variety of primitive cultures have been discovered here. Among them there are 10 sites with scribbles - cave paintings.
Most of the sites were found in the middle reaches of the Amga River, at the mouths of the largest tributaries.
Nature
The fauna and flora of the coastal sections of the river is diverse. About 40 species of mammals and more than 180 species of birds inhabit the Amgae basin. The water in the river is clean and fairly fishy. Taimen, grayling, whitefish, lenok, burbot, perch, pike and other fish are inhabitants of the Amga waters.
In order to preserve the pristine nature, as well as endangered and rare species of birds (peregrine falcon, common curlew, golden eagle, black crane, white-tailed eagle, black stork, wild grouse, osprey, etc.), the Upper Amga River was created in 1984 Olekminsky reserve, which is the first in Yakutia and the fourth largest in Russia. The reserve includes a part of the river, which is located above the mouth of Khatyn.
Amga Village
This settlement is connected with the Yakutsk highway (length - 200 kilometers) and regular air services. The village is the administrative center of the Amga Ulus of Yakutia (Republic of Sakha). Its name comes from the name of the Amga River.
Among the sights of the village can be noted a museum of the history of the civil war, telling about significant historical events that took place in Yakutia. In these places, the remnants of the White Guard troops were defeated. In Sasyl-Sysy, the Red Army under the command of I. Ya. Stroda kept the defenses known as the “Ice Siege” for 20 days. Also in 1854, A.I. Goncharov returned through the Amga on the frigate "Pallas" after a round-the-world trip. Korolenko V.G., who wrote his short story “Makar's Dream” based on local materials, was leaving in these places.
Amgu River Primorsky Krai
In order to avoid any confusion, we should recall in the article another Russian river with a similar name. This is the Amgu River, flowing through the territory of the Primorsky Territory and flowing into the Sea of Japan. The village of the same name located in the Terney district is also located there.
In the upper reaches of this river are beautiful Amgin Falls and picturesque canyons. The waterfall Black Shaman, which is one of the highest waterfalls in Primorye, is most famous. The gorge through which the water flows is called the Devil's Mouth. A wonderful waterfall is surrounded by cliffs of two hundred meters high, completely hiding the sun. Snow cover lasts in this area until mid-June.
About 18 kilometers from the village, below the waterfalls, there is a recreation center "Teply Klyuch". Its surroundings are a beautiful forest zone, located two hundred meters from Amgu. There is also a natural monument - the thermal spring "Teply Klyuch" with mineral water, which has an excellent healing effect. The Shanduysky lakes, the Sikhote-Alinsky reserve, the Kurortnaya mountain and many, many other surprisingly beautiful places are also attractive for tourists.
