One of the largest industrially developed cities of Ukraine is Kharkov. It is a beautiful city with a rich history. There are many attractions that are interesting not only to specialists in the field of history and architecture, but also to tourists.
Like many southern cities, Kharkov is famous for its huge number of green spaces. There are 150 squares, 5 gardens and more than 30 parks. Today we will present to you the most popular parks in Kharkov with addresses, reviews.
"Ukrainian Disneyland" (81 Sumskaya St.)
That is what Kharkovites call the Central Park of Culture and Rest. M. Gorky. Until 1919 it was called Mykolayiv (or Zagorodny) park, after the revolution it became Communal, however, at all times it was considered the main city park.
Its territory is huge - more than 130 hectares. In the south it is bordered by Vesnin Street and the buildings of the former missile school. Sumy street borders a park in the east. An elite private village adjoins the parkland from the north.
The first trees on this territory were planted in 1895, and twelve years later, when they grew a little, the grand opening of the park took place. The layout of the alleys was reminiscent of the Bois de Boulogne: the Chestnut and Linden alleys were combined among themselves and were intended for horse walks.
In 1932, the park area was increased to 130 hectares. In 1938, after the death of M. Gorky, the park was named after him. At this time, there was already a fairly developed infrastructure, which was almost completely lost during the Great Patriotic War and was gradually being restored in the post-war years.
Recovery
In 1952, a colonnade appeared at the entrance to the park. Its authors were architects E. A. Svyatchenko, A. G. Krynkin. The monument to Gorky was erected in 1980. The fountain at the end of the main avenue was restored in 2007. In the composition of the park, preference was given to group plantings. Contrasting species of trees were used: emerald larch and light birch, red oak and pine, silver maples shaded oak oaks. In addition, there are many flowering shrubs.
Kharkov parks are beautiful at any time of the year. In the summer, they amaze with a variety of colors, and in the fall they admire the gold of plants preparing for winter rest. Many citizens and guests of the city are sure that Gorky Park is especially beautiful in winter, when the earth is wrapped in a white blanket. The southern part of it is distinguished by elements of regular planning. Alleys were planted here, group plantings were created, magnificent flower beds were broken, and in 1977 the memorial complex of Glory was opened.
Parks and squares of Kharkov today are the favorite vacation spots of citizens. The guests of the city are also happy to visit them. Both adults and children feel comfortable here. In the park to them. Gorky built many attractions, the Cinema Park operates, and kids can ride the children's railway or ride with adults on the cable car. For lovers of outdoor activities built sports fields, tennis courts.
Artyom Park (Plekhanovskaya St., 134)
Parks in Kharkov impress guests with their size. This array is one of the largest in the city. It is located in the Artyom district, which (like the park) was named after the revolutionary Fedor Sergeyev, who bore the party pseudonym Comrade Artyom.
The park was laid in 1934. Its formation lasted for three years (1934-1937). The architects Yu. V. Ignatovsky and V.I. Dyuzhikh, as well as dendrologists K.D. Kobezsky and A.I. Kolesnikov worked on the project.
The park covers an area of 100 hectares. Crimean linden has been planted along most of the alleys. In addition to it, common quince, poplars, common hawthorn, three-thorned gledia and many fruit trees grow here. In the west, the park borders on the Balashovka district; in the south, it adjoins the village of Artyom.
Children's Park (Plekhanovskaya St.)
Of course, not all parks occupy such vast territories. The city of Kharkov has a large, but very popular Children's Park. It is limited by the streets of Rustaveli, Plekhanovskaya, Nikitinsky Lane and Rudnev Square.
This park is closed from the roadway and fenced around the perimeter, making it a great place for parents and children to relax. Between the alleys there are ping-pong tables, a football field and a five-a-side football pitch. Behind the net is a platform for training dogs.
The main decoration of the park is a three-tier fountain, equipped with a water circulation system. He is the only one in the city.
Botanical Garden (Klochkovskaya St., 52)
Some parks and gardens of Kharkov are of national importance. First of all, the Botanical Garden of Kharkov University named after V.N. Karazin.
Even before the university opened, a small botanical garden on an area of 450 square meters was created on this land. fathoms. In 1804, at the request of the first trustee of the educational district of Kharkov, Count S. O. Pototsky, a vast territory of about thirty acres was allocated to the university as a botanical garden. The university acquired part of the land in the custody of Kantemir (Kantemirovsky Garden), part was provided free of charge by military inhabitants, and another part was bought from them for money. On this earth, the Upper, or English, garden was organized. It was intended for public celebrations, and the lower one became a botanical garden.
Further development
After 1917, the university garden (today the Shevchenko City Garden) was alienated from the university. The greenhouse for Victoria regia and the hedge around the botanical garden were destroyed. At that time, many valuable shrubs and trees were destroyed, the vegetation of granite and chalk outcrops, areas of sand and steppes were destroyed.
In the twenties of the last century, the area of the garden decreased. He several times passed from one departmental subordination to another and repeatedly found himself on the verge of closure. However, in 1930, the Botanical Research Institute began its work, and the park was attached to it.
Ten years later (in 1940), the botanical garden was separated from the Institute of Botany, recognizing it as an independent structural unit in the university system.
Botanical garden today
Today, the famous garden is located in two territories with an area of almost forty-two hectares. It has five research departments. The main directions of their activities are the study of the ontogenesis of rare instances of the country's natural flora and the biological characteristics of endangered and rare species of Ukraine's flora.
Garden them. Shevchenko
All parks of Kharkov are original and unique. It is impossible to know the sights of Kharkov without knowing the history of these green spaces. Shevchenko Park is a recognized symbol of the city, its decoration.
Its history began in 1804, when the founder of Kharkov University V.N. Karazin planted the first trees on this territory, by whose name the higher educational institution was named.
The garden organically blended with the oak grove that existed here, which at that time was on the outskirts of Kharkov. Initially, he received the name "University".
Sculptural compositions
Many parks of Kharkov are decorated with beautiful sculptures. But especially this is famous for the Shevchenko Garden. Very close to the university is a monument to its founder - V.N. Karazin. In the central alley you can see the work of the sculptor M. G. Manizer - a monument to T. G. Shevchenko. In Soviet times, this monument was the largest in the republic.
The townspeople have created a beautiful tradition: if you touch the thumb of one of the Cossacks from the sculptural composition and at that time make a secret desire, it will certainly come true.
Victory Square (Sumskaya St., 30)
Kharkiv squares and parks were often laid for some significant events. For example, Victory Square appeared in the city in the spring of 1946. It was created in honor of the victory over the Nazis in the Great Patriotic War.
Previously, there was a trolleybus depot at this place, and until the 1930s - the Mironositskaya church. It should be noted that the square was created by Kharkovites, who very responsibly approached the restoration of the destroyed city and devoted a lot of time to its decoration and improvement.
A year after the creation of the square, a fountain with a mirror mirror arbor opened here. Much later, an alley appeared here dedicated to the Komsomol heroes who died heroically in the fight against the Nazis.
Square of the Eternal Flame (Universitetskaya St., 12)
This square is located on a campus slide. It is dedicated to the defenders of the city who fell during the war. The square was created in 1957, before that there were buildings of public places that were destroyed during the bombing.
Theater Square (Sumskaya St., 10)
This square is also called Poetic. It was laid back in 1876. Today it is a pedestrian zone between the streets of Pushkinskaya and Sumy. In the east, the square overlooks Poetry Square, so it has such a second name. Monuments were installed on both sides of the square: a bronze bust of A.S. Pushkin and a bust of N.V. Gogol.
