The term “third world countries” appeared in the second half of the twentieth century to refer to states that did not participate in the so-called arms race, which began twenty years after the end of World War II. We owe a modern understanding of this phrase to the Frenchman Alfred Sauve, who published his article in 1952 in one of the most popular prints at that time. In his work, Sovey compared the concept of third world countries (developing) with the concept of the third class of people in a traditional society. Therefore, the main sign of third world countries from the 80s of the 20th century was considered to be a low level of per capita income, backwardness in the field of economics, politics and industry from other world states.
In order to understand what the countries of the third world are, you must first understand what countries are usually called developed. Developed is a country whose government is able to provide its citizens with a comfortable and healthy life against a background of a safe environment. The list of modern developed countries includes: France, Australia, Sweden, Italy, Israel, Germany, USA, Japan, Vatican, Portugal, etc. The main signs of developing countries today are: the absence or weak manifestation of democracy, an unstable market economy, the absence of social human rights and guarantees.
So, developing countries are countries with a low level of socio-economic development. As developing countries are considered all the states of South America, Africa and most Asian states. They are characterized by an outdated model of the economy, a low income level, and a weak education system. According to some reports, 20% of the total adult population in Africa currently remains illiterate. Key developing countries, also called industrial countries, surpass the previous ones in terms of economic development. These include: South Korea, Turkey, India, the Philippines, Singapore, Mexico, etc.
According to studies by sociologists, third world countries differ:
- agrarian and raw material orientation of the economy;
- low quality of labor;
- the existence in the past in the form of colonies;
- heterogeneity of social structure.
The decisive role in the economy of many of these states is still played by the development of agriculture and national crafts. Almost all countries of the third world until the 20th century existed in the form of colonies, which could not but affect the development of their economy and industry. Some of the most underdeveloped countries in the world include: Ethiopia, Tanzania, Laos, Somalia, Honduras, Guatemala. It should be said that most developing countries in South Africa are currently in distress. These states cannot provide their residents with the opportunity to eat normally, have a roof over their heads, receive timely medical care, and attend educational institutions. Mortality in such countries from starvation, epidemics and killings is extremely high. Residents of economically favorable regions and countries enjoy all the benefits of civilization and strive for financial independence, while some members of the human race continue to live in extremely unfavorable conditions in tropical forests or the far north.
A special feature of many developing countries is the development of tourism as the main activity of the indigenous population. The endless stream of travelers provides the material well-being of many of their inhabitants. Today there is no longer a place in the world that a curious traveler would not have visited. Therefore, we can safely say that many countries lagging behind the world powers in terms of the country's economy surpass them in annual influx of tourists.
