We are used to the fact that on days of great holidays Moscow parades and festivities are not overshadowed by bad weather. The technology of local weather improvement is well developed today, although the history of this direction goes back centuries.
Everything depends on the weather
Any news includes a weather forecast, too much depends on it. Our ancestors prayed for rain and tried to make the clouds rain with bell ringing. With the advent of artillery, they began to shoot at clouds carrying hail in order to save the crop. But the success of these attempts was unpredictable: sometimes it turned out, sometimes not. Modern science has learned to control the weather at least locally. Many are interested in the question of how clouds disperse over Moscow and do they really do it? Is it possible to disperse clouds anywhere else? Is it harmful? Does the climate in the neighboring areas deteriorate from this?
Ahead of the planet
Russian researchers have learned to manage the weather better than others. Foreign countries only adopt domestic experience. The issue of weather control was dealt with in the Soviet Union in the 40-50s of the last century. At first, the dispersal of the clouds was purely utilitarian: in the spirit of the time, they wanted to force the sky to spill over agricultural land. The work was successful, and weather control was no longer a utopia.
The accumulated knowledge came in handy later in the days of the Chernobyl disaster. The goal of the scientists was to save the Dnieper from radioactive contamination. The attempt was successful. If not for the efforts of scientists and the military, the size of the disaster would be much larger.
How do clouds disperse over Moscow today? In general, as well as 60 years ago.
Cloud Acceleration Technology
The first step is to establish how far the rain clouds are from the right place. An accurate forecast is needed 48 hours before the estimated time, for example, before the parade. Then they study the composition and characteristics of the clouds: each of them needs its own reagent.
The meaning of the technology is that a reagent is placed in the center of the cloud onto which moisture adheres. When the amount of concentrated moisture becomes critical, rain begins. The cloud spills before the place where the cloud was directed through the air currents.
The following substances are used as reagents:
- dry ice (carbon dioxide) in granules;
- silver iodide;
- a liquid nitrogen;
- cement.
How do clouds disperse over Moscow?
To do this, clouds are processed at a distance of 50 or 100 km from the place where rain is not needed.
Dry ice is used for layered clouds closest to the ground. This composition is poured onto clouds at a height of several thousand meters. Special navigation is applied, processed clouds are marked so that there is no repeated exposure.
The layered rain clouds above are given liquid nitrogen, or rather crystals of its soaring. On aircraft, special Dewar vessels of large capacity are installed, and liquid nitrogen is sprayed above the cloud. This is how clouds are dispersed in Moscow using the chemistry known to everyone.
Silver iodine is placed in special weather patrons and shoot at high rain clouds. These dense clouds are composed of ice crystals, their lifetime does not exceed 4 hours. The chemical structure of silver iodide is very similar to ice crystals. After falling into a rain cloud, foci of condensation quickly form around it and rain soon spills. At the same time, there may be a thunderstorm or even hail, such is the property of these clouds.
However, this is an incomplete answer to the question of how clouds are dispersed over Moscow. Sometimes they still use dry cement. A cement package (standard paper bag) is hooked. Exposure to airflow gradually tears the paper and the cement is gradually blown out. A connection with water occurs, and the drops fall to the ground. Cement is used to process upflows to stop cloud formation.
