Poisonous plants are frequent inhabitants of forests, meadows, fields and other places. Throughout life, harmful substances called poisons are produced and accumulate in them. They cause poisoning of humans and animals. What poisonous plants near Moscow are known? Read about it in the article.
Which plants are poisonous?
Such representatives of the flora exist in nature in large numbers, there are 10 thousand or more species. Poisonous plants are those that contain harmful substances accumulated during their development and existence: alkaloids, glucosides and others. Toxicity can have varying degrees, depending on climatic conditions.
Poisonous plants are interesting to study not only for the purpose of preventive measures, the treatment of poisoning and the prevention of harm to human health. This is necessary in order to understand the evolution of wildlife and to determine the possibilities of using in medicine the substances that are part of these plants.
Poisonous plants near Moscow
During the summer holidays, thousands of people go on vacation to the forest. But rarely does anyone think at this moment about the dangers that may lie in wait for man in nature. However, one of them are poisonous plants near Moscow. It can sometimes be very difficult to distinguish them from non-hazardous species without a stock of knowledge in this area. Poisonous plants are dangerous because outwardly beautiful and harmless flowers and berries can kill a person. This is their insidiousness.
The article below describes the poisonous plants of the Moscow Region, which should beware. To the list of dangerous representatives of the flora of this region, you can add bleached, hogweed, slab, datura, bitter nightshade, May lily of the valley, black elderberry and many others.
Four Leaf Raven Eye
This is a deadly poisonous plant near Moscow. Most often, children who are attracted to berries fall into the risk zone. All parts of the plant are poisonous, but the fruits and rhizome are of great danger. The leaves affect the nervous system, the rhizome - the stomach, the fruits - the heart. In case of poisoning, symptoms characteristic of this condition arise: vomiting, pain in the abdomen, dizziness. Convulsions and malfunctions of the heart can begin. When providing first aid, in addition to the mandatory procedures, the victim is given ice in small pieces. Artificial vomiting is strictly prohibited.
The raven eye is a herbaceous plant reaching a height of 15-45 cm. The erect stem has four large-sized leaves arranged crosswise at the apex. A single flower is a decoration of a poisonous plant. The fruit is a blue-black berry. A pungent smell causes pain in the head. It grows in mixed and coniferous forests.
Milestone poisonous
All parts of this plant are poisonous, but the rhizome is a great danger. When it enters the body, an unpleasant aftertaste is felt in the mouth, vomiting opens, the stomach hurts, cramps appear, and delirium begins. Breath may stop, which inevitably leads to death. At the first signs of poisoning, you must immediately provide first aid and immediately consult a doctor.
A poisonous plant near Moscow reaches a height of one and a half meters. Its rhizome is very fleshy and thick. Small fruits are brown in color and consist of two hemispherical achenes. The rhizome has a specific smell - intoxicating. Favorite places of growth are lowlands, riverbanks, streams, ponds, ditches and marshy meadows.
Buttercup
This flower is at first glance harmless, and therefore the most dangerous of the entire list of poisonous plants near Moscow. The toxic substance is protoanemonin. Once in the body, it irritates the skin and mucous membranes, causes vomiting, lacrimation, runny nose, cramping, and suffocation. First aid should be given to the patient immediately, otherwise, in case of severe poisoning, death may occur.
Buttercup reaches one meter in height. The leaves of the plant are regular, are whole or dissected. It differs in single flowers, which can form inflorescences. The buttercup is distinguished by its bright, eye-catching, color and enchanting aroma.
Belladonna
Translated from Italian means "beautiful lady." Belladonna belongs to the poisonous plants of the Moscow Region (photo presented for review). Fruits - berries of black or yellow color with a large number of seeds. Inside, there is a sweet, dark purple nectar that tastes like cherry. Plant height - two meters. The stems are green or dark purple, thick. Leaves at the top are paired in pairs, below are the next. The drooping flowers are small.
When poisoning, redness of the face, increased heart rate occurs. The condition of the victim is accompanied by fever, nausea, dry mouth. There may be more severe manifestations: convulsions, hallucinations. Without emergency medical care, death may occur. First aid is of great importance, up to saving a life. How it should be provided, read at the end of the article.
Women in Italy have found application even to this poisonous plant. Juice buried eyes. Due to the content of atropine in belladonna, the pupils dilated and became brilliant - unnatural, but quite attractive. The berries served as a dye to create a blush on the cheeks.
For a long time in Russia, belladonna had other names: "rabies", "belladonna". When the plant was ingested, the atropine contained in it caused a strong degree of excitation, which in some cases reached rabies.
Belladonna is one of the most poisonous plants in the Moscow Region. In addition to the vicinity of the capital, it is distributed in the territory of the Krasnodar Territory and Crimea. Prefers oak, hornbeam and fir forests.
Black belena
This plant is poisonous, causing severe poisoning. Has a stupefying unpleasant aroma. It can be easily recognized among many other herbs by the presence of sticky hairs and ovoid leaves. Plant height - one meter. The buds are yellowish with burgundy streaks.
After the flowering period, the belene is covered with jug-shaped bolls of white color with seeds. When bleached poisoning, the pupils dilate, thirst torments, dry mouth appears, the face turns red. Airway paralysis can occur, which often leads to death.
Daphne ordinary
The names of poisonous plants near Moscow are different. One of them is the daphne. In the people it is called a wolf bast. All parts of the plant are poisonous. If the juice gets on the skin, swelling instantly occurs, a burn appears. In no case should you try berries. It starts to burn in the mouth, it is difficult to swallow, saliva flows plentifully, the stomach is upset, vomiting appears. An injured person needs immediate first aid and a doctor.
This plant is a shrub reaching a height of 120 cm. The narrow leaves of the wolf bast have a dark green color. From above they shine, from below they have a bluish tint. The flowers are painted in pink. Drupe fruits are red and oval, their seeds resemble shiny balls. The fruiting stage begins in July. Places of growth is the zone of forests and undergrowth.
How do poisonous plants affect the body?
Such plants have different effects. Poisoning can occur when eaten, and sometimes a fleeting contact with the leaves is enough to get a burn on the skin. In case of poisoning, a person may have dizziness, weakness, pain throughout the body, hearing and vision impairment. There are very difficult cases when paralysis and even death occurs. The time during which symptoms that indicate poisoning become apparent are also different. In some cases, just a few minutes, and in others, days.
