Astrakhan is one of the largest cities in the south of the European territory of Russia and the Volga region. An important historical, economic and cultural center. It is located in the upper Volga delta, not far from its confluence with the Caspian Sea. Built on the islands of the Caspian lowland. The area of the city is 208.7 km 2. The population is 533, 925 people. Moscow is 1411 km away.
And what is the federal district of Astrakhan? At first glance it seems that Volga. But actually it is not. Astrakhan is the Southern Federal District.
The city includes 4 administrative regions: Leninsky, Sovetsky, Kirovsky, Trusovsky.
The course of time is 1 hour ahead of Moscow and corresponds to Samara.
Geographic features
The city of Astrakhan is located in the southeast of the European territory of Russia (ETR), in the southeastern part of the East European Plain. The terrain is flat, flat. Altitude about 23 m.
Astrakhan is characterized by a sharply continental climate with pronounced daily and annual temperature differences. The amount of precipitation is small - 234 mm per year. A high degree of aridity is associated with this. Their maximum fall occurs in May (28 mm), and the minimum - in February (12 mm). In the southern part of the city, the amount of precipitation does not reach 200 mm per year, while in the northern part it reaches 290 mm per year. Landscapes in the vicinity of Astrakhan correspond to dry steppes and semi-deserts.
Ecology of the city
The environmental situation in Astrakhan is relatively unfavorable. The main pollutants are enterprises, transport, utilities. The complicated street layout is not suitable for cars, as a result of which they often gas, increasing traffic pollution. In addition, Astrakhan cannot boast of a large amount of greenery. An additional source of pollution are landfills.
Astrakhan population
Until the 90s of the XX century, the number of city residents grew exponentially, from 34, 600 people. in 1856 to 509 210 people. in 1989, then growth slowed sharply and became unstable. In 2018, 533, 925 people lived in the city, which corresponds to 33rd place in the list of cities of the Russian Federation.
Astrakhan is a multinational city with a large number of religious denominations. The most common nationalities are Russians, Tatars and Kazakhs.
Administrative division
In the administrative division of the country, the Astrakhan region is the southern federal district. Astrakhan, as already mentioned above, is divided into 4 regions:
- Kirovsky. It covers an area of 17.6 km 2. The number of inhabitants - 117 996 people. The area is located in the eastern part of the city.
- Soviet. It has an area of 100 km 2 and a population of 151 356 people. It occupies the southern and southeastern parts of the city.
- Leninist. Covers an area of 200 km 2. The population is 147, 952. It occupies the north-eastern part of the city.
- Trusovsky. They are stretched along the western border of the city, and on the east it borders on other areas. The area of the district is 76 km 2, and the population is 115, 200 people.
Economy of Astrakhan
Astrakhan has a well-developed industry, especially the fuel and energy complex. It is associated with oil and gas production on the shelf of the Caspian Sea. Quite developed is the extraction and processing of fish. However, due to the reduction in fish stocks, it is gradually dying away.
At the same time, the production of fruits and vegetables is growing. There is also a meat factory, distillery, confectionery, cannery and cheese factories.
There are enterprises of shipbuilding and ship repair, and the chemical industry. Thermal power plants operate that cover most of the electricity needs of the Astrakhan region.
Transport Astrakhan
The city has various modes of transport. Astrakhan is a major center of automobile transport. Four federal highways pass through it, through which you can directly reach Moscow, Makhachkala, Volgograd, Stavropol and the cities of Kazakhstan. Bypass highways are being built.
Water transport is represented by motor ships, boats, military vessels. However, passenger water transport has declined in recent years, and the fleet has shrunk sharply.
Air transport is represented by the Astrakhan International Airport. Regular flights operate to the cities: Istanbul, Sochi, Aktau, Moscow.
Rail transport is one of the oldest in the city. There is a railway station Astrakhan 1, as well as 8 railway stations.
City transport is represented by buses and minibuses. Most taxis have 79 routes. They are the main form of urban public transport.
Until 2007, there was a tram transport, and until 2017 - a trolley bus.
