Existential philosophy is a direction that was born long ago, but finally took shape only in the 20th century. This science studies the inner world of man, inextricably linked with existence itself. How is existentialism different from other philosophical approaches? Firstly, by the fact that this direction does not separate the subject from the object, but considers the person in the context of being. Secondly, existentialism does not put a person above life and global problems, but studies it in interaction with difficulties. Such a philosophy is irrational. This is not any knowledge, but information that is understood, accepted and lived through.
Why did existential philosophy come about? Her birth was quite predictable. The 20th century is a time of fantastically rapid changes throughout the world, totalitarian regimes, terrible wars. However, it is also a century of super-rapid growth in progress. Not everyone liked the breakthrough in science and technology. People began to turn into "cogs" necessary for the functioning of a huge machine called the state. Personality has diminished its significance.
Existential philosophy is just the science of individuality. She considers external events through the inner world of man. Not surprisingly, this philosophy attracted many followers.
The “progenitor” of this trend is Seren Kierkegaard. It was he who formulated the idea in which the inner being of a person flows smoothly into the external world, and these two concepts are inextricably linked with each other. In addition, the development of existentialism was influenced by another German philosopher, Edmund Husserl. At the moment, the most famous representatives of this direction are Martin Heidegger, Albert Camus, Karl Jaspers, Jean-Paul Sartre, Gabrielle Marcel and many others.
Existential philosophy places an important place in his teaching on the finiteness of human life. This is a specific cycle that has a beginning and an end. A person, in this philosophy, can change his being, but at the same time, life has an impact on his mind, views. She determines the personality from childhood. Such a transformation is mutual.
Existential philosophy and its varieties at the moment does not lose its relevance. Moreover, this direction is being improved and supplemented. Consider the varieties of this philosophy. Firstly, it is existentialism, which studies the uniqueness of human existence, both in external and internal aspects. Secondly, it is personalism, considering the individual and his work as the highest value. Thirdly, it is philosophical anthropology, which comprehensively studies the essence and nature of personality. This direction combines many sciences, such as biology, sociology, psychology and others.
Man's reaction to crisis situations is one of the key places in such a teaching as existentialism. Philosophy does not separate a person from events, but deeply studies it with their help. That is why existentialism will not lose its relevance for a long time. Studying this science will help you understand your place in this world, consider ways of interacting with it. Of course, existential philosophy also does not downplay the importance of communication. The science in question also studies the interaction between two people, and the influence of communication and environment on the individual. Existential philosophy also deeply analyzes human activity and creativity. This area is extremely extensive and raises many issues. The views of philosophers following an existential approach are also very different. However, in any case, the study of such a science is useful not only theoretically, but also directly in life.
