Russians are already used to abnormal weather. In recent years, heat has broken all records recorded over the past 100 years. Weather reports told that in its entire history the hottest summer in Russia turned out to be in 2010. However, some regions of Russia in the summer of 2014 also experienced unprecedented heat, especially its central part. Since early August, the degree mark has reached the highest - red - hazard level.
Regions where unprecedented heat was observed
In 2010, abnormal weather came to Eastern Siberia and the Far East. The central and Volga districts became the hottest in August. Heat was observed in the south of the country and the North Caucasus. Kursk and Voronezh survived the excess of the climatic norm of the average daily air temperature by 7 degrees. The mercury bar showed 36 degrees above zero.
Anomalies have even affected the north of Yakutia and the Arctic islands, where people have not seen such heat in history. Here, the air temperature exceeded the average daily climatic norm by 3 degrees. Residents of the Sakha Republic watched 38 degrees Celsius in the shade! These indicators are not far from extreme. In the lower Kolyma, the air warmed up to 25 degrees.
Primorye, Sakhalin, the Kuril Islands … The Far Eastern District also became the hottest in August 2010.
Above 30 degrees was in the European part, according to the Hydrometeorological Center, these are the highest marks in the entire history of observations. In July, a mark of 40 degrees was recorded in the Volga region, Tatarstan, Karelia, Komi, Kuban, Bashkiria, Stavropol, the North Caucasus, Kalmykia and other areas.
What was going on in Moscow
In Moscow, temperature records over the past years have been broken dozens of times. The capital of Russia was in the lead, leaving behind Cyprus, Israel and Egypt - countries that are warmer. Here, for 33 days in a row, an abnormally high temperature was held. The most impressive achievement was the raising of a mercury column on July 28 to 38.2 degrees Celsius. Water in the Moscow River warmed up to almost 30 degrees, which is higher than on the Crimean coast.
In the hottest summer in Russia in 2010, near Moscow, 40 degrees were observed in the shade, which is 5 degrees higher than the 1951 record.
How to explain such abnormally high temperatures?
There are many versions of the abnormal summer of 2010. Involvement in this person is still unclear. There is an opinion that the cause was space - an increase in solar activity, coincidence in 2010 of the amplitudes of the solar and lunar cycles.
The Russian Hydrometeorological Center claims that cyclical fluctuations in the Earth's atmosphere have appeared, one of the reasons for which is the tidal effect of the moon. In addition, the ozone content in the upper atmosphere decreased sharply. As you know, it is ozone that protects the planet from excessive heat from the sun. For all these reasons, the weather in Russia has changed. Winters have become even more severe, and the summer months are characterized by an unprecedented heat.
Adverse changes are observed not only in temperature, but also in other "genres" of weather. For example, in 2010, only 90 mm of precipitation fell, while in 2002 - 24 mm, which is again a record. Moreover, precipitation fell very unevenly. In central Russia for 2 months there was no rain at all, and then torrential showers fell on the ground, again causing cataclysms.
Climatic weapons?
The idea of using climate weapons against Russia is being actively discussed among scientists and the military and the population.
In Alaska, the American HAARP station, launched in 1997, is located. This is a huge field of 14 hectares. 180 antennas and 360 radio transmitters 22 meters high are placed on all surfaces. It is known that $ 250 million was spent on arranging the “field”. The aurora is officially studied here, but the station is controlled not by scientists, but by the military.
Some experts (in Europe, Asia) believe that this is a formidable climatic weapon that can cause not only abnormal heat, but also typhoons, tsunamis, hurricanes, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions. In support of their hypotheses, they cite world statistics, according to which it was from 1997 that the planet was shaken by powerful natural disasters that claimed tens of thousands of lives.
Consequences of the heat
As a result of the heat, the concentration of harmful substances in the air increased several times. It was hard for people to breathe. The Russian Hydrometeorological Center reported that the situation was complicated by the lack of precipitation, of which a minimal amount fell.
According to statistics, a lot of people became victims of heat, especially older than 50 years. Cores, hypertensive patients, asthmatics, and diabetics suffered greatly. Due to poor health, their body could not cope with extreme temperatures, resulting in many crises. Most exacerbations were fatal, some suffocated directly in a dream.
As a result of the heat, smog and fires swept Russia. Ignition was recorded at 22 sites in 134 settlements, more than 2, 000 houses were burned and 60 people died. It was difficult in Ryazan, Vladimir, Sverdlovsk, Mordovia, Mari El. In the second half of July, weather stations recorded a smoky atmosphere, by the end of the month the situation was even worse. Due to fires, the US State Department imposed restrictions on entry into Russia.
A serious consequence of the heat was numerous forest fires, which destroyed hundreds of hectares of forest.
Statistics
The hottest summer in Russia in 2010 was the first in 130 years. There is a version that abnormal weather has a certain frequency and is repeated every 35 years in connection with the tides of the moon. It was hot in 1938, then in 1972. You can continue - 2010, although the interval exceeded 38 years. Weather statistics in Moscow for the period since 1938 suggests that the average daily temperature has become 5-7 degrees higher in the summer, and this is observed constantly, every season.
If we take the statistics of average air temperature in Moscow, then the weather has changed significantly over 10 years. In 2002, the average July temperature was 21 degrees, and in 2012 - 23 degrees. The average daily maximum was recorded in 2010 - 26 degrees Celsius, which is 4 degrees higher compared to previous years. In August of the same year, the average temperature was 22 degrees, which is 2 degrees higher than in 1938-2011.
The hottest summer in Russia is yet to come
However, the summer of 2011 brought Russia new records. For 50 years, such heat has not been seen in Tomsk, the Volga region. The population is almost used to 40 degrees above zero.
St. Petersburg observed an excess of average temperatures over the absolute maximum recorded in 2010. The beginning of July was the hottest in the history of the northern capital; on July 2, with a mercury column mark of 31 degrees, it broke all records for the last 100 years. According to statistics, the temperature rose to 30 degrees in 1907.
A new record was set in Volgograd and Astrakhan. The mark exceeded 43 degrees. Krasnodar also distinguished itself, which in principle is considered the hottest region in Russia. However, in 2011, the capital of the region became a champion with an excess of the average daily rate of 12 degrees.
After 2010, the hottest summer in Russia was in 2012. It has become historical. In the village of Utta in Kalmykia, the mark exceeded by 5.5 degrees the highest temperature recorded in this place. Residents are already accustomed to such warmth and are ready for the new summer season, although for many, especially asthmatics and people with heart diseases, abnormal summers have become a serious test in terms of health.
