People often ask the question: what is the federal district of Penza? Someone asks otherwise. Penza - which federal district of Russia? But, in fact, Penza is one of the cities of the European part of Russia. Located on the Volga Upland, part of the Volga Federal District. It is the economic, cultural and administrative center of the Penza region and the center of the Penza city municipality.
Penza - which federal district of Russia?
The city of Penza is part of the Penza region. If you answer the question: to which federal district Penza belongs, then this is the Volga Federal District.
History of the city
Penza received the status of the city in 1663. It became the regional center in 1939. Initially, the city was built as a fortress on the outskirts of the Russian kingdom. The most significant event in the history of the city was the big fire in 1858. As a result, half of the city’s territory burned down.
Penza played an important role during the Great Patriotic War. Many industries that were on the line of fire were moved here. This event contributed to the rapid growth of the city’s industry. Penza became part of the Volga Federal District. What Penza is now, can be seen in the photo in the article.
Geography of Penza
The city is located in the central part of the European territory of Russia and is located on the Volga Upland. The distance to Moscow is 629 km northwest of Penza. The Sura River flows through the city. The territory of the city is 305 square meters. km Altitude ranges from 134 to 174 meters. The size of the city in the north-south direction is 19 km, and in the west-east direction it is 25 km. The population of the city is 524, 000 in 2017.
The climate in the city is temperate continental. Winter lasts long and rather frosty. It begins in November, and ends at the end of March. The coldest month is February. Summer is not very hot. Compared to Moscow, there is higher continentality and lower humidity, but in terms of temperature they are close.
Ecology of the city of Penza
Penza is a relatively environmentally friendly city. There are a lot of green spaces. Although, due to the densification of buildings in recent decades (as in several other Russian cities), greenery is becoming less and less. On the other hand, the closure of enterprises contributes to the improvement of air and water quality. However, some enterprises, according to local residents, produce many harmful emissions that affect the health of citizens. Forests here are broad-leaved and pine-broad-leaved. In total, they occupy an area of 9.5 thousand ha.
Population
In the 20th century, the population of the city was actively growing. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the population began to decline, albeit slowly. In 2017, the city ranked 35th in terms of population among the cities of Russia.
Penza Industry
In total, 15539 various enterprises operate in the city. Most of them are private. Basically, these are enterprises of a technical orientation - the manufacture of pipes, fittings, gas compressors, devices and medical equipment, as well as equipment for public utilities. There is also one confectionery factory, whose products are 130 confectionery products.
Penza Transport
Penza has traditionally developed rail transport. However, not all lines are electrified yet. Road traffic is provided by federal highways. The largest of them is the M5 highway from Moscow to Chelyabinsk.
In the southern part of the city Penza Airport operates. Air transport routes are domestic. Public transport consists of buses, trolleybuses and minibuses. Until 2014, the so-called river tram operated (on the Sura River). There are also unusual modes of transport - this is the children's railway, which was built in 1985. For some projects, it was planned to lengthen and turn it into one of the types of urban transport, but their implementation is delayed due to lack of funding.
