Thermal power plants are the most popular way of generating electricity. More than seventy-five percent of electricity in the Russian Federation is generated precisely at turbines of thermal stations. There are several reasons for choosing a TPP in the energy sector - the cheapness of the construction relative to other types of generation, the low cost of energy production due to the use of coal, fuel oil and natural gas, the production of by-products (hot water and steam), construction is possible in any territory, even with a difficult landscape and severe the climate.
Cons - environmental degradation due to the large amount of carbon dioxide and soot emissions into the atmosphere, low efficiency, ash.
The method of producing electricity is quite simple - due to the released energy, the generator shaft rotates, the blades begin to rotate and current is generated.
The largest TPPs in Russia are Surgut-2, Reftinskaya, Kostroma, Surgut-1, and Ryazan TPP. It stands for state district power station.
Surgut GRES-2
The list of "5 large TPPs in Russia" opens Surgut State District Power Station-2. The largest electricity producer in the state. It is located in Surgut, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug.
It was commissioned in 1985. Maximum power - 6400 MW. The working fuel is oil and natural gas.
The need for construction arose in the second half of the seventies. In less than a decade, Surgut has become an oil production center. In the shortest possible time, a small working village has grown to the size of an entire city. Power outages have become permanent.
Reftinskaya state district power station
In the list of "Largest TPPs in Russia" Reftinskaya TPP is in second place. The station is located a hundred kilometers from Yekaterinburg. This is the largest thermal power plant that runs on Ekibastuz coal. When kindling, fuel oil is used. The total capacity of 3800 MW, the number of power units - 10.
The construction of the second issue of the list “Largest TPPs in Russia” began in 1963. The commissioning of the first power unit took place in 1970. The quality of work was carefully monitored by the local party leadership. Reftinskaya TPP is truly a construction site of the century. At the moment, the station generates almost half of the electricity consumed by the Sverdlovsk region.
Kostroma state district power station
An honorable third place in the list of “Largest TPPs in Russia” is occupied by the Kostroma TPP. It is located in the very center of the European part of Russia, in the city of Volgorechensk, on the banks of the Volga River.
The station was commissioned in 1969. The main fuel used is natural gas. If necessary, there is the possibility of switching to fuel oil. The total number of power units is nine. The total capacity is 3600 MW.
The length of one of the station's chimneys is 320 meters - it is one of the highest objects in the country.
In the 1960s, the region began to develop rapidly. This was facilitated by the influx of workers and tourists, which was associated with the development of water transport. An acute shortage of power forced the authorities to accelerate the development and implementation of a project that was included in the list of “The largest TPPs in Russia”.
The station is unique for its time - the most advanced developments of scientists were introduced in it. Energy is supplied to more than forty regions of the Russian Federation, and is also exported to neighboring countries.
Surgut GRES-1
In the list of "Largest TPPs in Russia" the list will not be complete without Surgut State District Power Station-1, which is comfortably located in fourth place. Located in the city of Surgut, commissioning was carried out in 1972. The maximum capacity of the station is 3268 MW. TPP is certified according to international standards ISO: 9001.
Ryazan state district power station
The Ryazan state district power station (another name - Novomichurinskaya) is in the honorable fifth place. Construction began in 1968. Commissioning took place in 1973 in the city of Novomichurinsk.
Six power units produce 3070 MW of electricity. As fuel, brown coal is used. Reserve - gas and fuel oil.
Decoration of the station are two chimneys three hundred and twenty meters high. And two more metal ones - one hundred eighty meters. Equipped with a modern damping system.
