Crimea (Republic of Crimea) is one of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Previously was part of Ukraine. It has moderate autonomy. It is part of the Southern Federal District. The subject was established on March 18, 2014 after the peninsula withdrew from Ukraine and transferred to the Russian Federation. The capital of the republic is the city of Simferopol, located closer to the center of the peninsula, north of the Crimean mountains.
Legally, Crimea is a disputed territory due to the lack of consent to the accession to Russia by the Ukrainian authorities and the international community. Turkey claims to the peninsula.
Crimea is one of the strongholds of the Russian armed forces. In this regard, maintaining favorable living conditions in this region is a strategically important task for Russia, and the country's image on the world stage may depend on the situation with living standards in the Republic of Crimea. Therefore, it is logical to assume that in the future salaries in Crimea should become higher than in Russia as a whole.
Crimean economy
Crimea is an important industrial, tourist and agricultural center. Tourism is developed off the coast of the Black Sea, in the mountainous part of the republic. Industry is more developed in the north of the peninsula. Agriculture is developed everywhere: field farming in the lowlands and viticulture in the southern coastal strip. A distinctive feature of the Crimean vine industry is the emphasis on the cultivation of wine varieties, which is why wine-making is well developed here.
Oil reserves amount to 47 million tons (a tenth of the annual production of the Russian Federation), and gas - 165.3 billion m 3. The construction of the giant Crimean bridge, which improved the conditions for the delivery of goods, which could lead to lower prices for food and goods in the future, played a large role for the economy of the peninsula.
The standard of living in Crimea
The accession of Crimea to Russia dates back to the beginning of 2014, when no one had even suspected an impending crisis and falling oil prices. The difficult transport situation and the lack of fossil resources, the closure of the North Crimean Canal (the main waterway of the peninsula) by Ukraine complicated the development of the regional economy.
Therefore, despite the efforts of the authorities, salaries in the Crimea grew more slowly than prices. So, from 2015 to 2017, average salaries increased from 22, 440 rubles. up to 26, 313 rubles, which is significantly less than price increases. The highest salaries are observed among civil servants and the military.
Calculation of the average salary in Russian regions
The average salary does not always correctly reflect the situation with population incomes. It has now become popular to draw an analogy with the average temperature in a hospital. Perhaps it would be more correct to consider the median salary. However, higher average salary figures look prettier in statistical reports, and therefore give preference to this indicator.
To calculate the average salary, they use information from large employers (it is not known how honest they are), while smaller, private, organizations prefer not to report it at all, so as not to shine and get away from paying taxes. Of course, in the stat. reports do not fall self-employed, whose income is characterized by variability, volatility and is not recorded by government agencies.
Who gets how much
According to official data for 2016, among the widespread professions, doctors and pharmacists with higher education have rather high salaries in Crimea. This is approximately 36.5 thousand rubles, and in the whole country - 46 thousand with a little. A thousand more they are from university professors. At the same time, on average in the country they are lower than that of doctors - 44.6 thousand rubles. Junior medical workers receive little - 13-14 thousand rubles. (the whole country is slightly higher) and social workers (about 16 thousand rubles, and 19.2 thousand rubles in the country).
Features of Crimean salaries
Crimea is a rather specific region, a zone of political conflict between the west and Russia. The past of Crimea as part of Ukraine affects the habits and lifestyle of Crimeans. In general, living conditions and features of the distribution of salaries in Crimea are not much different from those in the rest of the country. As a result, there are the following patterns in the distribution of salaries:
- The impact of sanctions on the peninsula is felt more severely than in other regions of Russia. It leads to instability of salaries in some enterprises.
- High salaries are typical for civil and military civil servants, and low salaries are typical for trade and services.
- There are many self-employed citizens in Crimea, which is explained by the resort situation of the peninsula and the past of Crimea as part of Ukraine. Many people prefer to earn extra money, in addition to their official work.
The average salary and prices in Crimea in 2018
The average salary in Crimea is 26 thousand rubles, and in the whole country - 41.3 thousand rubles. This means that the peninsula is far behind in terms of salaries. However, they are trying to improve the situation and real incomes of the population are growing. In the whole country, they have been declining for several years in a row. Thus, we can assume that in the foreseeable future the situation on the peninsula will not be worse than the average for Russia.
It is estimated that in 2019 the average salary in the Crimea will be 30, 000 rubles. However, so far these are only government forecasts.
The disadvantage of life on the peninsula is higher than the national average, food prices. Slightly higher than the average Russian and the cost of utilities. This is due to a lack of own resources in the region.
The minimum wage in the Crimea
After the annexation of Crimea to Russia, the minimum wage began to grow, albeit at a fairly modest pace. Before joining it amounted to 6260 rubles., and in 2017 - 7, 500 rubles. Since January 1, 2018, the minimum wage in the Crimea has become 9489 rubles. This is not much and lower than in the whole country. And after paying taxes, there remains a total of 8265 rubles, which it is hardly possible to tolerate with current prices. Thus, the minimum wage in the Crimea in 2018 was not very large.
Also, one should not forget that the prices themselves in the country are also rising, and in order to assess the dynamics of real earnings, it is necessary to know the dynamics of prices. However, there is 1 more unpleasant moment. Many employers do not want to pay even such a minimum salary in full and transfer workers to part-time jobs. It is not known how much this reduces the burden on the employee (and does it decrease at all), but they will pay even less, which is what the careless employer wants.
Currently, they are trying to equate the minimum wage to the cost of living. However, some employers still indicate in vacancies a salary significantly lower than the minimum wage.
Low in the Crimea and the cost of living of a pensioner. It is only 8530 rubles, and until 2018 it was another 500 rubles lower. Given the high prices on the peninsula, this is very, very small.
Minimum wage in Crimea by years
The minimum wage is gradually but steadily increasing. In mid-2014, it was equal to only 4, 628 rubles, and from the beginning of 2015 - 6, 200 rubles. In 2016, the minimum wage increased to 7, 500–7, 650 rubles, and in 2017, to 7, 800 rubles. Since mid-2018, it has been 11, 163 rubles. These figures indicate that the minimum wage in the Crimea is growing faster than in several regions of the Russian Federation.
This may be due to the restoration of the economy of the peninsula after the economic blockade by Ukraine. The construction of the bridge, the development of energy, water supply and infrastructure leads to a gradual improvement in performance. As a result, monetary allowances of citizens of the republic are growing more intensively. The minimum wage in the Crimea from January 1, 2019 will be 11, 280 rubles per month.
What determines the minimum wage
The main goal of the minimum wage today is to comply with the minimum subsistence level. However, it is evaluated differently in different regions of the country. In more economically developed areas, the bar is set higher, and in the backward - lower. Also, the average price level should affect the cost of living.
The issue of the minimum wage in the Crimea is decided during the meetings of the tripartite commission, which includes representatives of the government, workers and employers - 12 members from each group. Within each group, a decision is made by voting. The final decision is made if all 3 parties supported the initiative.
Jobs in the Republic of Crimea
At the beginning of 2019, in the list of vacancies you can see a large percentage of job offers in Crimea with a salary of 11, 163 rubles (obviously, before taxes). For such a salary you can get a seller, teacher, kindergarten teacher, human resources inspector, psychologist, as well as a plumber.
A little higher - at the security guard, nurse, ticket controller. A significantly higher salary was offered on the vacancies of a driver (23 thousand) teacher (18 000 - 22 300), milling machine operator (25 000), head of the laboratory (25 300). Interim salaries for a kitchen worker, labor protection engineer, utility worker, kitchen worker.
