Many tubular mushrooms belonging to the family of boletus are beneficial to humans and taste good. This includes the moss fly, which belongs to the second category of mushrooms eaten as food.
One of the advantages of the flywheel is the possibility of its use in food not only in season but also throughout the year, of course, subject to the rules of harvesting for the winter.
The article presents the varieties of the moss fly, a more detailed description of one of the species - fissure moss fly (see photo later in the article), as well as places of its growth and other information is given.
Classification
The flywheel belongs to tubular mushrooms. The hat is sticky, velvety, the leg is smooth. The pulp of the flywheels, having white, yellow and reddish hues, turns blue in the context.
In total, there are 18 varieties of this fungus in nature, of which the following are most often found:
- green moss, having a convex, dry, sometimes covered with small cracks cap (diameter - 15 cm) and yellow-brown or red-brown leg (thickness - 2 cm, length - 12 cm), has the smell of dried fruit;
- yellow-brown (popular name - yellow aspen) has a velvety cap with a mucus covered with mucus (10 cm in diameter) and a short leg resembling a cylinder in shape;
- a red moss fly with a fleshy hat (9 cm) of red color and an even dense leg (height - 10 cm) is most often found in August-September;
- fissured moss fly (or motley), considered the most delicious among all species of this fungus, has a convex dry hat (diameter - 3-10 cm) from gray to reddish-brown;
- chestnut has a fibrous hat (with cracks) of medium size (5 to 8 cm) chestnut or reddish-brown;
- parasitic moss fly is an inedible mushroom with a small smooth hat (2-5 cm) of a dirty yellow or brown hue, which has a pleasant aroma and sweetish taste.
Places of growth
In mixed and coniferous forests, this mushroom is found, most often growing next to moss. This is where its name came from - the moss fly. You can collect it from the first months of summer and almost until the first autumn frosts. This edible mushroom in nature is quite widespread throughout the Eurasian continent.
Often in the same forest you can find almost all species of moss-fly trees, but there are certain differences in the distribution of some of the varieties:
- green moss fly prefers broad-leaved and coniferous forests and grows mainly along roads or along the edges of ditches;
- representatives of fractured moss flywheels can also be found in deciduous and mixed forests, but they are considered rarer and grow more often in places where beeches grow;
- red moss flys predominantly take in fringes, grass and oak groves in temperate climates.
Fissured flywheel (variegated)
This species grows either singly or in small groups, from the very beginning of July to the first frosts of October, and most of the harvest is in August. You can meet it, as noted above, in deciduous, mixed and a little less - in coniferous forests.
The convex hat is similar in shape to a pillow (diameter - 8-10 cm). Its surface is matte, dry, with small cracks forming an openwork pattern. The red or brownish color of the hat has an olive or burgundy hue, and in the center it is more saturated. The large-porous tubular layer has a greenish yellow color.
A straight or curved roundish leg - with an even dry surface, thinner at the base, has a yellowish-red hue. Its height is about 7 cm, and its thickness is about 1 cm. At first, the flesh in the hat is fleshy, and subsequently, as it grows, it is looser. In the leg it is fibrous, stiff. Contact with air promotes a change in the color of the pulp from yellowish to blue (clearly visible at the cut site).
In general, a fissured flywheel has a pleasant mushroom taste and aroma. Usually, only the caps of young mushrooms are used in food. They are universal and suitable for preparing a wide variety of snacks and dishes. He also has names: pasture boletus, yellow meat.
How to distinguish false mushroom?
Mushroom mushroom fissured outwardly easily confused with a false mushroom. It differs from the edible present in its small size. Most often, it can grow on the body of other mushrooms, for example, raincoats.
How to distinguish it? The color of the pulp of such a fungus is usually white or dirty brown, and after the cut it begins to turn red.
If a mushroom-like mushroom is found to have similar symptoms, it is best to leave it in the forest.
How to cook?
Fractured flywheel must be thoroughly cleaned. How to do it right?
- The hat and leg from needles, earth and leaves can be cleaned directly in the forest during harvesting.
- Rinse hats and legs with a brush. Mushrooms intended for drying can not be washed.
- Using a knife, cut off spots and solid parts of the fungus and get rid of the layer of spores located under the hat.
- Soak for 5-10 minutes, pour cold water. Then drain and dry the mushrooms with napkins or towels.
Mushrooms are ready for use.
Cooked mushrooms are used in the preparation of many dishes (especially for salads and frying), therefore, if necessary, boil them. But first, pour them for 10 minutes with hot water, then transfer to a bowl of boiling water and cook for about 30 minutes. Drain the water using a colander.
It is recommended to use enameled cookware for the preparation of a fissured fissure (like other mushrooms).
The flywheel can be fried, marinated, salted, added to salads and meat dishes. Below are two recipes for delicious dishes prepared with mushrooms.
Mushrooms with sour cream
This stew with sour cream has an excellent aroma and taste. It can be served with buckwheat or with potatoes, as well as a side dish of vegetables.
The composition of the dish:
- mushrooms (1 kg);
- sour cream (200 grams);
- sunflower oil (3 tablespoons);
- onion (1 pc.);
- salt and seasoning to taste.
Cooking:
- peel and wash the mushrooms, cook in a pan over low heat for about 45 minutes;
- fry boiled mushrooms in oil in a preheated pan until golden brown;
- send the peeled and finely chopped onion to the pan;
- add sour cream and a little water to the mushrooms;
- simmer until the sour cream sauce becomes thick.
From the above amount of ingredients, 3 servings of a wonderful stew are obtained.
Jellied with mushrooms and poultry
Ingredients:
- moss flies (0.5 kg);
- set of turkey soup (0.5 kg);
- gelatin (2 tablespoons);
- water (1 liter);
- salt, herbs and spices to taste.
Cooking:
- boil mushrooms and turkey separately, leave the mushroom broth for later use;
- put cooked mushrooms, turkey meat and greens into prepared tins;
- dilute gelatin in warm water and mix well, pour it into the mushroom broth;
- after boiling the broth add spices and salt to it, mix and strain;
- pour it into each mold;
- leave the filled saucers in a cool place (or in the refrigerator) until they completely harden.
It turns out beautiful and very tasty aspic.
