Moscow Metro is a large network of underground rail transport in Moscow. It is one of the largest metro networks in the world. The first line appeared in May 1935. Now the Moscow metro consists of 14 lines. Their total length is 379 km. There are 222 stations, plus 1 canned one. 44 stations are considered cultural objects, and over 40 are considered architectural. In the future, 29 more stops will be built, and an increase in the total length of the lines will exceed 55 km.
Metro map
Now you can meet many schemes of the route development of the Moscow metro. All of them are divided into official and unofficial. The official ones can be seen at stations, in wagons and lobbies, while the unofficial ones can be seen on the web pages. But even the official layout has changed several times during the existence of the metro, which is connected both with the addition of new sections and stations, and with a change in design that was adapted to new preferences.
The very first roadmap of the Moscow metro appeared in 1935. It contained detailed information about the travel time between stops and the distance between them. The following did not contain such detailed information. A feature of the first schemes, executed before 1958, was a black and white color scheme. The stations were depicted in red, and the tunnels between them in black.
From the 1958th and until the 1970s, the Moscow metro track development schemes were tied to a map of Moscow, with some depicting it, but not at others. In the 70s, this idea was abandoned, and the lines themselves took on a schematic form of straight segments and rounded sections. The design of the circuit has changed a lot, and each line has become indicated by a certain color, which, with rare exceptions, has not changed. This structure of the metro scheme is preserved now. In the figure in the article you can see a diagram of the route development of the Moscow Metro.
Later, other types of transport began to be applied to it - bus lines, a monorail scheme, the Moscow central ring and aeroexpresses. The contours of these lines are also sketchy and far from real.
Metro stations
In total, the Moscow metro includes 223 stations. Most of them (220 pcs.) Are located within the city. Most of the stations are located underground and only 12 - on the earth's surface, and 5 on bridges and overpasses. Most stops (123) belong to shallow stations, and 83 to deep ones. In addition to the existing ones, there is also a “ghost station”. It is called the "Business Center" and has normal lighting. Another station - “Spartak” - was not completed for a long time, but it opened in 2014. There is also a technical stop, which can easily be converted into a passenger.
The main part of the points has platforms with a length of 155 meters, which can accommodate 8 cars. At newly constructed facilities, the length of the platforms can be up to 162 meters. Shorter metro stations are on the Filevskaya line. They allow serving trains of 6 cars. Even less is the length of the platforms on the Butovo line - only 90 meters. This is only enough for a 4-car train.
At the stations there is a sound notification system regarding the arrival of trains. Escalators and stairs are provided for descent and ascent. Escalators operate at 132 stations. And the total number of escalators is 878 units.
At all stops there are vestibules, which can be both aboveground and underground. The underground lobby has a staircase to the street, often in the form of a closed pavilion.
Kuntsevskaya Station
This stop was opened on 08/31/1965. It applies to both the Arbat-Pokrovskaya line and the Filevskaya line. Above the station is the border of the Kuntsevo and Fili-Davydkovo districts (Western Administrative District). The stop is ground. The design is very simple: asphalt pavement and columns lined with white marble.
Nizhny Novgorod metro station
The station is located simultaneously on the Nekrasovskaya and Bolshoi ring lines. It is located in the Nizhny Novgorod region of the Southeast administrative district. Currently under construction and will be open in 2019. The station is one of the shallow underground facilities. Platforms will be 2, and both island type. Between the platforms the Nekrasov line will pass, and from the sides of the walls - the Big Ring Line.
A design feature will be a large number of multi-colored finishes. Oranges, yellows, blues and greens will prevail. However, not plastic, but metal and granite ceramic was used. There will be different colors in different parts of the station, which should improve navigation. Natural stone will also be used (for wall decoration). The floor is planned to be made of polished and polished granite type brown and gray.
Stop China Town
This station is located simultaneously on the Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya and Kaluga-Riga lines. It is also located on the border of two districts of Moscow: Tversky and Basmanny (Central Administrative District). The station was opened on 01/03/1971. "Kitay-Gorod" is one of the most crowded in the Moscow metro.
Station "Kitay-Gorod" consists of two stations of deep laying column type. It became the first in the history of the Moscow metro, where rapprochement of lines was used, in which it is possible to switch from one to another only after crossing the platform.
