Determining the direction of the wind and its strength is a fairly standard task in meteorology. The perceived air temperature depends on these parameters, as well as the weather itself - because the winds carry significant air masses. From the leading weather forecast you can often hear that somewhere large cyclones or anticyclones go from the Arctic or, for example, from the Atlantic. Wind is the movement of air masses in the lower atmosphere from a high to a low pressure region, so that the strength of the wind also depends on strong differences in pressure in close regions. That is why hurricanes and typhoons extremely rarely occur in the depths of the mainland. But near the coast of the sea or ocean - much more often. Calm, that is, calm, is observed where the pressure in adjacent areas is the same. But this situation is not very frequent.
Determining the prevailing wind direction, and especially its speed and gust strength, is very important for air traffic controllers. With strong winds, the pilot will need to make adjustments to this, and if the wind is too strong, you may even have to cancel or delay the flight. Same thing with ships. Even on the boat, the strength and direction of the wind matter. That is why meteorologists record the speed and direction of the winds with the help of special instruments, and then even compose a special schedule, a wind rose, illustrating which wind is prevailing in one place or another. Typically, a wind rose is compiled based on the results of a year or an even longer period. For example, the prevailing wind direction in Moscow in recent years is southwest. That is, most of the time in the year it blows precisely the south-west or west wind.
By the way, when they talk about the direction of the wind, the designation of the cardinal points is of particular importance. If the wind is said to be southern, then it blows from the south. So, some confusion occurs when people see the direction of the arrow from left to right and believe that the wind is east. There is no mistake! In determining winds, arrows always indicate the direction from which the wind is blowing, and not where. It is difficult to say why this happened, it just so happened.
So how do you determine the direction of the wind? Easy! Mankind has invented several devices that can do this quickly: an anemometer used on ships, a weather vane that helps determine the direction and strength of the wind even in everyday life, as well as special wind indicators that can often be seen at airports: they are made in the form of a long orange-white similarities to the net.
The strength of the wind, usually determined along with its direction, is often indicated in points or meters per second. Sometimes, when the exact numbers are unimportant, the terms “moderate”, “weak” and so on are used.
Among other things, there are seasonal winds, as well as those whose direction depends on the time of day - this is usually observed on the coast of the seas or other large bodies of water. We are talking about breezes and monsoons. They have a serious impact on climate and weather in cities and settlements located not only near large bodies of water, but also inland.
Thus, the direction of the wind and its strength are some of the main weather and climate indicators, along with temperature, pressure and precipitation.
