Many modern people will be surprised at the fact that the Ordzhonikidze territory existed on the territory of Russia. I would like to immediately clarify that such a region was only 6 years old during the Soviet era from 03/13/1937 to 01/12/1943. The reason for the renaming was the death of Sergo Ordzhonikidze, whose memory was honored by naming him the North Caucasian Territory. Where was this Ordzhonikidze region located? In 1943, he began to be called the name that bears to this day - the Stavropol Territory.
Background
After the formation of the USSR, there were many changes in the state division of the country. New autonomous regions, republics appeared, which were withdrawn from the composition of the territories and regions. Territories merged and divided. Many aspects were taken into account: the historical features of the territories (most of them before joining Russia did not have statehood and clear boundaries), the multinationality of the North Caucasus, the compactness of residence of people of the same nationality, and internal political conditions prevailing at that time. This can be seen in the administrative division of the North Caucasus territories, in particular, the modern Stavropol Territory, which from 1937 to 1943. was called the Ordzhonikidze region.
The North Caucasus region was established in 1924. It included the South-East region and autonomous regions: Adygea, Karachay-Cherkess, Kabardino-Balkaria, North Ossetia, Ingush and Chechen, Sunzhen Cossack District and the city of Grozny. Rostov-on-Don was defined as the center of the region. In 1931, the Dagestan ASSR was added to the composition.
In 1934, the region was divided into two unequal parts, which formed two new regions: the Azov-Black Sea (Rostov-on-Don) and the North Caucasus (Pyatigorsk).
Formation of the Ordzhonikidze region: description
After the adoption of the Constitution in 1936, changes took place in the region. The Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was again withdrawn from its structure and new Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics were formed, which were also withdrawn from its composition - these are the Chechen-Ingush, North Ossetian, Kabardino-Balkarian. The center of the region was the city of Voroshilovsk (Stavropol).
In 1937, the North Caucasus received a new name - the Ordzhonikidze region, its center was the city of Voroshilovsk (Stavropol). In 1943, Voroshilovsk was again called Stavropol, and the region - Stavropol.
Location
On the northern side of the slope of the Greater Caucasus, in the very center of Ciscaucasia, lies the territory of the Ordzhonikidze territory, modern Stavropol. Its area is 105.45 thousand m 2. Borders pass through the adjacent territories of the Kuban, Rostov Region, Kalmykia, Dagestan, Kabardino-Balkaria, Chechnya, North Ossetia, Karachay-Cherkessia.
The terrain is diverse. Located in the north-east of the Kumo-Maynichy lowland, it passes into the Stavropol Upland. Among a series of foothills, a zone of Caucasian mineral waters is noticeable (the highest point is 1401 m).
Natural resources
On the lands of the Stavropol (Ordzhonikidze) region there are large deposits:
- natural gas - Pelagiadinskoye, Sengeleevskoye fields;
- gas condensate - Rashevatskoe, Mirnenskoye;
- oil is extracted in Praskoveyskoye.
In addition, polymetals are mined in the region, which contain uranium, marble, granite, and materials used in construction.
Building materials such as brick, tile, expanded clay, glass, silicate products are made from mineral raw materials. The wealth of the Stavropol Territory is mineral healing water.
The soil
The wealth of the Stavropol (Ordzhonikidze) region is not only minerals, but also soils. Despite the fact that the region is mostly located in the zone of steppes and semi-deserts, the soils here are southern and ordinary, as well as all types of chestnut chernozems. Almost all the steppes are plowed up. It is not for nothing that the Stavropol Territory is considered the breadbasket of Russia; here they record a record grain crop in the country.
Administrative division
For 2017, the Stavropol (Ordzhonikidze) region consists of administrative-territorial units:
- 9 cities of regional subordination: Stavropol, Budennovsk, Pyatigorsk, Georgievsk, Lermontov, Zheleznovodsk, Nevinnomyssk, Essentuki, Kislovodsk;
- 26 municipal districts;
- 189 village and town councils.
Population
2804383 people live in the region. Most of the residents are Russians - about 81%. In second place in terms of numbers are Armenians - 5.79%. Further, the Dargins - 1.77%, the Greeks - 1.20%. In addition, there live: Ukrainians, Gypsies, Nogais, Azerbaijanis, Karachais, Tatars, Turkmens, Chechens and others. The population density is low - 42.4 people / km 2, most of it is urban population, accounting for 58%.
