Russian literature is rich in vivid names. But the socio-political life of the country evolved so that the media were in the hands of the current government. And the names of many writers, poets, scientists for many years have been forgotten. Among them is the talented writer Ivan Ivanovich Makarov.
The early years of the writer
Ivan Makarov was born in the village of Saltyki on October 30, 1900. At baptism received the name John.
After graduating from a rural school, Ivan was accepted to study at the Ryazhsky men's gymnasium for state education as the best student of Ivan. Before graduating from high school, the future writer studied with state money.
In 1918, two private gymnasiums for women and one for men, where Ivan Makarov studied, were merged and renamed. In June 1919, he graduated from it as a “Second Level School No. 2”.
Years of study
The teachers of the gymnasium were all university graduates. The trustee of the gymnasium was Privy Councilor Ermolov. Grammar school students regularly made excursions to his estate - they examined greenhouses, gardens, greenhouses and the park.
There was a student choir in the gymnasium. There were violins, cello, grand pianos, violas, double bass, flute, oboe. Grammar school students created a balalaika orchestra. They staged performances, including for residents of the city. Sunday school readings with light pictures and cinema sessions were arranged for high school students.
Sports “Sunday mornings” were held at the gymnasium, games were played in the spring, football and boating, which the gymnasium paid for in the summer. In winter, they organized ski walks and an ice rink for gymnasium students.
Exact sciences were given to the future writer well. He had fours in algebra, geometry, and three in Russian and literature. Years of study at the gymnasium became crucial for the formation of the future writer. This is the time of landmark events: the First World War, the February Revolution, then the October Revolution, the beginning of the Civil War.
A family
The writer's parents, peasants Ivan Ivanovich Makarov and Maria Ivanovna Konkova, were also born in Saltyki. They were literate people, which for that time was a rarity. Both came out of strong households, documents were preserved confirming that they rented land from Princess Trubetskoy.
The work of Ivan Ivanovich Makarov is inextricably linked with his biography. In his novels, the writer will indicate the exact amount of land (“Black Shawl”) belonging to the princess, and the number of inhabitants of his village (“Steel ribs”). The writer’s father was a peasant without land and he owned only a sewing machine, as Makarov himself writes. His father was engaged in shoe-making.
All the land was attributed to Makarov’s grandfather. They also lived in the house of his grandfather. The family had six children, Ivan is the eldest. Land plots could not feed a large family, and his father often went to work in Moscow.
In the first years of the new government, both father and son Makarova entered the local government. Father stood at the head of the committee to combat deserters, and his son became a member of the village council. Makarov Jr. was a member of the volost committee of the poor, which was vested with the right to seize the "surplus" of bread and distribute among the poor.
Probably, the lack of their own land affected the worldview of Makarov Sr. He endorsed the program of the "peasant" Socialist Revolutionary Party, whose main question was about land. This was passed on to his son. The main theme of his work will be the peasants, the land and the revolution that turned their lives upside down.
In his works, Ivan Makarov talks about the real events of 1917. In the novel “Black Shawl”, the fact that the peasants defeated the distillery when they drank alcohol, and about 70 people died, will be indicated.
Personal life
In some of his profiles, Makarov indicated that he was not married. In the party questionnaire of 1921 he noted - “married”. His wife's name was Vera Valentinovna Vonlylarskaya, his adopted son was January. In 1941, he, seventeen, will volunteer for the front. At the end of the Second World War, January will die near Koenigsberg.
Revolutionary activity
The revolution called thousands of young people, Makarov was among them. In the questionnaires, he always put “good” or “secondary” in the column of education. The Komsomol comrades envied him, many of them graduated only from primary school.
Ivan made the first “revolutionary steps" in his native village when they tore down the council and burnt portraits of the tsar with fellow villagers. Then he was still a student of the gymnasium. At the end of his studies, he went where the party had commanded — he fought in the ranks of the Red Army, served as political instructor and intelligence officer in CHON, and was secretary of the Komsomol district committee.
In 1922, Makarov was recalled from this post and sent to the province as an instructor of the RKSM committee. He lived in Ryazan, but on duty he often traveled to counties. As a representative of the Ryazan province, Makarov went to the leader’s funeral in Moscow in January 1924. Among the delegates was at the 6th All-Union Congress of the Komsomol.
Since the fall of 1923, Makarov Ivan Ivanovich - a member of the Communist Party. Combined party work and literary work. In 1924, with his active participation, the Ryazan branch of the Union of Poets and a literary circle were created.
Since 1926, Makarov worked as a party secretary in the department of public education. At the end of the same year, he briefly left Ryazan to see Siberia. The last service of Makarov in Ryazan was the head of the land management technical school.
First publications
Ivan Makarov lived most of his short life on Ryazan land. He actively participated in the construction of the young state, first as a Komsomol worker, then as a party worker. In Ryazan, he was published in local newspapers as a village correspondent and leader of the Komsomol organization.
During this period, notes were written: “The cry of youth”, “Lenin’s grandchildren”, “Thoughts of the young communard”, “Work cry”. The stories “The First Resurrection”, “Mishkina Smuggling”, “Boots and Oil”, “Key”. The “Grunkino curse” and “Tooth by tooth” brought Makarov to the All-Russian level. From that moment began his journey into great literature.
Creativity Makarov
In 1929, the first novel, Steel Ribs, was released in Moscow. It was published in the magazine "Young Guard", then published as a separate book. After its publication, Makarov moved to Moscow. Here the stories were written:
- 1930 - “The Last Man”;
- 1933 - “Case 471”;
- 1935 - “The Firebird”, “Stepan Suffering for Peace”.
Already in the capital, the talented prose writer Ivan Ivanovich Makarov wrote a novel:
- 1929 - “Raid of the Black Beetle”;
- 1930 - 1931 - “Peace on the Earth”;
- 1931 - 1932 - “Cossack Farm”;
- 1936 - “Hoffmaler Nikitka”.
In the Moscow period, novels were created:
- 1929 - “Steel ribs”;
- 1933 - 1934 - The Black Shawl;
- 1936 - “Misha Kurbatov”.
The novels “India in the Blood” and “The Big Plan” have not yet been published. The fate of the works “Veksha” and “Passionate Muscovite” is unknown. Roman Makarov “Blue Fields” remained incomplete.
In 1928, Ivan Makarov led the Ryazan branch of the Writers' Association. In 1929, for the story “On the Turn”, he received the prize of the Pathfinder magazine. In 1930 - for the story “Silenced Tambourine” prize of the magazine “Adventure World”.
