Russia is the richest country in the world in terms of mineral deposits. Many of its territories store in their bowels deposits of natural gas, oil, ore, etc. One of these areas, which is famous for its underground wealth, is the Perm Territory.
General information about the Perm region
Perm Krai is a component of the Volga Federal District. It was established on December 1, 2005. It used to be called the Perm Region, to which the Komi-Permyak Autonomous District was annexed.
In the Komi language, the region is called the word "Parma", which means the hill, which is covered with spruce forest. It is believed that the name "Perm" comes from the word "Parma". Residents of the region are called Perm.
Geographically, the Perm Territory belongs to the Western Urals and is located at the junction of Europe and Asia. Its area is 160 600 square meters. km, which is about 1% of the area of Russia.
General information about the underground wealth of the Perm region
The complex relief of the mountainous and lowland territory of the region is explained by the wealth of its bowels. Minerals of the Perm Territory are actively mined and satisfy the raw material needs of both the region and the whole country. Nearly 1, 400 deposits of various types of minerals, of which there are more than 49 species, have been discovered and explored in the territory of the region.
The life of any Russian region depends on the availability of minerals. They are used for the development of industries, agriculture, and construction. What minerals are in the Perm region?
The bowels of the region contain various ores, natural gas, salts, oil, peat, gold and even diamonds, limestone, building materials, and much more.
Mineral exploration is not easy laborious work. This is what geologists do. The geological concept of the Permian period is known all over the world. It was discovered by a scientist from England Roderick Murchison, who in 1841 made an expedition to the banks of the river. Egoshihi and first discovered deposits of ancient rocks.
Salt deposits
Minerals of the Perm Territory are famous for salt deposits. The Verkhnekamsk salt field is 2nd in the world in terms of its reserves. It is located near the city of Solikamsk and the city of Berezniki. Powerful salt formations here are located at different depths from 90 to 600 m. The upper layer is rock salt, followed by potassium and magnesium, and the lowest layer forms potash, combined with stone.
We owe the presence of such a salt deposit to the sea, which was located in the Perm Territory 200 million years ago and then disappeared.
Mineral extraction in the Perm region began many centuries ago. In the XV century, the first salt fishing was organized by the Novgorod merchants Kalinnikovs. Later, salt production was significantly expanded by the Stroganov industrialists, who exported it for sale to other regions and abroad.
At the beginning of the 20th century, potassium and magnesium salts were discovered. In the Perm region there are pinkish potassium salts, which are called sylvinite. These are raw materials for the production of fertilizers, glass, etc. Orange and dark red salts are extracted, from which valuable magnesium metal is used, used in aircraft and shipbuilding.
Combustible minerals
Combustible minerals of the Perm region are represented by a variety of species.
The first oil in Prikamye was discovered in 1929. This happened near the village of Verkhnechusovsky Gorodki and became a sensation. The second Krasnokamskoye oil field was discovered in 1934. Later it was found in other areas of the region. Perm oil is famous for its high quality.
Today, about 160 hydrocarbon deposits are known in the region, among which 3 gas, 89 oil, 18 gas and oil fields are being developed. The main mining is carried out in the southern and central regions. The most developed deposits are Krasnokamskoye, Polaznenskoye, as well as Osinskoye, Kuedinskoye, Chernushinskoye.
The Perm Territory is also rich in coal deposits. It was mined in two areas: Kizel and Gubakhi. The Kizelovsky coal basin has long been a source of this fuel for most of Russia.
According to geological studies, there is a lot of peat in the Perm Territory - about 2 billion tons.
"Precious" minerals
In the Krasnovishersky region of the region, diamonds are mined. Diamond deposits were discovered in the Gornozavodsky district in the river basin. Coiva. The first diamond in Russia was found in the Perm Territory, in 1829.
The region has more than a hundred years in the river basin. Vishera is mining gold. The largest field is Chuvalskoye, which was discovered in 1898, as well as the Popovskaya Sopka. Deposits of marble, quartz, citrine, selenite and uvarovit were found.
Building Minerals
It was examined above with what minerals the Perm Territory is rich. However, this is not the whole list. A wide variety of construction minerals of the Perm Territory.
There are many various minerals that are used in dyes. There are deposits of Volkonskoite used in the manufacture of paints and enamels. Its main deposits are in the Chastinsky district. Iron red lead is represented by Solovinsky, Shudinsky, Paltinsky deposits.
There are 42 ocher mining sites located in Kosinsky, Berezovsky, Kungursky, Gornozavodsky and other areas. Limestone is actively mined in the region, which is used to produce ordinary building lime. 7 deposits are known: Mount Matyukova, Chikalinskoye, Severo-Sharashinskoye, Bolshe-Sarsinskoye, Vsevolodo-Vilvenskoye, Sharashinskoye, Gubakhinskoye.
There are deposits of dolomite, gypsum, anhydrite in the Orda and Uinsky districts, and there are 37 claydite clay objects. The largest of them are the Sanatorium and Kostarevskoye deposits.
Clay deposits are located in almost every administrative region. There are deposits of sand-scrubbers, sand and gravel mixtures, etc.
