This river is the second largest water discharge and the longest in Moscow after Setun. This is a right tributary of the Moskva River located within the city. Some sections of the valley of this reservoir are a favorite vacation spot of many Muscovites.
The name of the river is Gorodnya. Where is it and what is it like? You can learn about this and much more by reading the information in the article.
Location
The river begins at the intersection of st. Rokotova (near the metro station "Novoyasenevskaya") and Soloviny pass and crosses the famous Bitsevsky forest park. Then it flows through an underground pipe to Pokrovskaya station (Kursk direction), and then - in an open channel along the northern section of the Chertanovo South district.
On the Tsaritsyno section, the Gorodnya river is mostly dammed and forms the Borisov and Tsaritsyn ponds. Further, crossing Brateevo at the Besedinsky bridge on the Moscow Ring Road, it flows into the Moscow River.
Something from the story
The lands around Gorodnya have been inhabited since ancient times. The first known settlers were the Vyatichi Slavs. Their mounds (archaeologists date as constructions of the XII-XIII centuries) could be found as early as the XX century throughout the river at the following settlements: Pokrovskoye, Biryulyovo, Shipilovo, Brateevo, Borisovo. Vyatichi villages were located below these mounds, near the river itself.
Apparently, on the site of one of the barrows, on the left bank of the Gorodnya river, the Brateevskoe village remained. In 1992, together with the Brateyevsky mounds, it was taken under state protection. Whether there is anything left of him today is difficult to say.
Description
The length of the river is 16, 000 meters, 13, 500 of which are in the open channel (including ponds). In the lower part, the reservoir is quite heavily polluted.
Right tributaries: Shmelevka, Yazvenka, Popov, Boyakov, Popov, Senkovsky and Teplyakovsky ravines. Left tributaries: Kotlyakovka, Chertanovka and Belyaev ravine. The valley of the Gorodnya River in Moscow is almost all over picturesque and deeply incised, but greatly changed. It retains its pristine appearance only within the Bitsa forest. In 1991, 5 of its zones were declared natural monuments. In 1971, the Gorodiansky bridge was thrown across the river.
Settlements
At the mouth of the river, the content of iron salts and oil products in the water exceeds the maximum permissible concentrations.
Having no recreational and fishery significance, Gorodnya gives the landscape and architectural appearance of the city some originality. On the coastal territories are the villages of Pokrovskoye, Biryulyovo, Tsaritsyno, Shipilovka, Khokhlovka, Brateevo and Borisovo.
The same name with the river received street Gorodyanka.
About the origin of the name
Most likely, the Gorodnya River in Moscow (the photo is presented in the article) got its name from the name of the village of Pokrovskoye-Gorodnya. Pospelov EM offers a hydronymic explanation of the name of the river: the word "gorodnya" - a fence, a fence in the river.
In other words, the name "Gorodnya" (or "Gorodenka" in the 16th-19th centuries) comes from the word "fence", which means "to put up a dam, to block." There is a version that the name for this reservoir was invented in the XIII century by immigrants from the vicinity of Kolomna.
Indeed, dams on this river were installed for fishing purposes and, according to archaeologists, for shipping. At a time when agricultural work was associated with great difficulties, fishing was one of the main sectors of the economy. The surrounding area is represented by dense forests and impassable snows, so the rivers at that time were the main routes of communication. And today Gorodnya is the longest (16 km) water artery of the Southern District.
sights
Gorodnya does not have tourist significance, but its valley in the area of Bitsevsky Forest Park and Tsaritsynsky Upper Pond is a place of mass summer vacation for residents of the capital. In the Brateevo district, the left bank of the river is landscaped.
After an inspection in July 2012 by Mayor of Moscow S. Sobyanin of a park in the river valley, approximately 230 million rubles were allocated for the improvement of its territory. Already in 2013, one of the sections of the park near Gorodny became part of the Kuzminsky forest park.
Park in the floodplain of the Gorodnya river
This is a section of forest with a river flowing through its territory. In the river valley there are near-water and tree-shrub vegetation. In front of the confluence of Gorodnya into the Moskva River there is a large Brateevskaya floodplain with willows, reeds and cattail along the perimeter of the lakes.
Insects live in the park and plants included in the Red Book of the capital grow. In total there are more than 10 species. This is a flat-leaved bluehead, alga brittle hara, green strawberries, colorful yarns, shiny dragonflies, single chervonets butterflies, etc. The wetland complex (the largest within the MKAD) is also located in the park. This habitat is 58 species of animals.
After the reconstruction (2012), volleyball and basketball courts, as well as a cozy picnic area, appeared on the territory of the park. There are bicycle paths (20 km), which in winter turn into ski slopes. In addition, there are built arbors for veterans and paved paths for walking, covered with paving tiles.
Rare inhabitant of the river
Only in the floodplain of the Gorodnya river a small population of one of the most beautiful and rather rare species of frogs - red-bellied toad has survived. It differs from its relatives in the coloring of the abdomen of a bright red color with black spots. With such a peculiar coloring, she warns heron, pike and perch that it is dangerous to eat.
This type of amphibian emits a rather toxic mucus.
