Solikamsk is a city located in the Perm Territory (Russian Federation). It is the center of Solikamsk district. Solikamsk was founded in 1430. Previously, it had other names: Salt Kama, Usolye Kama. Received city status in 1573. The area of the city is 166.55 km 2. The population of Solikamsk is 94, 628 people. The population density is 568 people / km 2. The city is considered the salt capital of Russia.
Geographic features
Solikamsk is located on the edge of the East European Plain, in the Urals, on the left tributaries of the Kama River. The height of the central part of the city above sea level is 150 meters. The area of the city is 166.5 km 2. The distance to Perm by road is 202 km, and by rail - 368 km.
The distance to Yekaterinburg is 530 km, to Chelyabinsk - 740 km, to Ufa - 680 km, to Tyumen - 850 km.
Ecological situation
The presence of dirty industries makes the environment in the city rather unfavorable. Atmospheric air is heavily polluted. Production wastewater is highly toxic, and their treatment systems do not work well. Problems arise with the disposal of potassium salts, which form whole dumps.
City Economy
The economy of Solikamsk is built on the work of industrial enterprises. First of all, it is the extraction of potassium salts and the production of mineral fertilizers. Other important types of production are forestry and metallurgy.
The population of the city of Solikamsk
A census has been carried out in this city for a long time. In 2017, the population of the city of Solikamsk amounted to 94 thousand 628 people. According to this indicator, it is at 183rd place among the cities of the Russian Federation.
Until about 1900, the number of inhabitants grew exponentially, increasing from 250 people. in 1600 to 40912 people in 1891. However, then something happened, and at the next census in 1896 the population was only 4, 000 people, that is, 10 times less than in 1891. In 1926, there were 3, 700 people at all. However, then, in 1929, there were 41, 333 people, and in 1931 - 12, 700. In 1939, there were 38, 000 citizens, and there was intensive growth until 1990.
The peak of the population of the city of Solikamsk occurred in 1989, when the number of inhabitants was 110 098 people. Then there was a gradual decline, and in 2017 the population was 94 and a half thousand people. This situation is characteristic of many Russian cities and is associated with the consequence of the transition to a market economy, in which the social support of the population has decreased, and the difference in the standard of living of the poor and rich has increased many times.
The sexual structure of the population of Solikamsk is also typical of most cities of modern Russia: 46% of men and 54% of women. The age structure is dominated by the working-age population: 63%. This is followed by children and adolescents (20%), and pensioners account for 17% of the total number of residents of Solikamsk.
Social Protection Management
Social protection of the population of Solikamsk (Perm Territory) is supported by the Center for Social Protection of the Population. His address: Solikamsk, st. Lesnaya, 38. Opening hours: Monday - Thursday - from 9:00 to 17:30, Friday - from 9:00 to 16:00. Break from 13:00 to 13:40.
For ease of reference, on the official website of the center there are 6 telephone numbers: reception, inquiry, social taxi, allowance and compensation department, subsidy department and home service center.
Labor market situation
The city has a very low unemployment rate, and the average level of salaries is higher than in the Perm Region as a whole. There are a large number of specialized specialists in manufacturing industries.
As of August 2018, the city requires engineering specialists and workers. In a small amount there are vacancies for a manager, a doctor, and some others. Salaries, in comparison with other cities of Russia, are good, mainly from 20 to 40 thousand rubles, sometimes less. Minimum (11, 000 - 11, 500 rubles) for an agent and a teacher. However, for those who do not have an engineering specialty and work experience, it will probably be quite difficult to find a job in Solikamsk.
Community Infrastructure Development
The city administration pays great attention to the development of urban infrastructure. In the field of power supply it is supposed to act in the following areas:
- the formation of a ring power supply system with isolation from the networks of industrial enterprises, construction and reconstruction works;
- installation of powerful transformers to meet the electrical energy needs of the new complexes under construction in the north of Solikamsk, as well as in Klestovka and Karnalitovo.
In the field of heat supply, the following works are planned:
- reconstruction of heating systems and the transition to providing heat through the operation of the municipal boiler house in the third microdistrict;
- in the Krestovka district, it is planned to build sources of heat supply independent of the general network based on renewable energy sources, which are now cheaper than natural gas.
In the field of water supply, it is planned to lengthen the water supply systems towards the urban outskirts, where new residential complexes will be built.
In the field of gas supply it is supposed to perform the following tasks:
- to design and build gas supply networks to ensure gas supply to private sector homes;
- gasify apartment buildings in which gas is traditionally used for cooking, rather than electricity;
- to carry out the construction of new and increase the capacity of existing substations for gas distribution, as new houses are added to the network;
- to carry out work on connecting existing gas networks.
Development of transport infrastructure
The total length of Solikamsk roads is 326.6 km, and with paved roads - 261.2 km. A motorway of regional significance runs along the city, along which there are intercity buses. Now motor transport is the main type of intercity transport, which creates a large load on this transport network. Inside the city, this was facilitated by an increase in the number of cars and freight transport by road.
Therefore, an important direction in the development of the transport network is to improve the quality of inner-city roads and conduct timely repairs.
An acute problem is the provision of rail transport. To meet these goals, a project is planned for the construction of a bypass section of Bereznikov and the Belkomur line.
