In the fighting at the present stage, such a type of weapon as a firearm is mainly used. From ancient types of weapons, soldiers have only knives. They act as the most universal, simple and useful subject. The type of troops and the specialization of each individual soldier does not play any role. Absolutely all soldiers are equipped with light types of small arms. Someone uses it as a permanent working equipment (snipers, attack aircraft, machine gunners). For some, this is a last resort.
Similarity in parameters and differences in appearance
Small arms can be divided into three main categories. We are talking about pistols and submachine guns, machine guns and rifles, as well as machine guns. Division of this kind is rather arbitrary in connection with the tactical and technical characteristics, purpose, areas of application, etc. Many types of weapons have similar features in such parameters as purpose and capabilities. However, it should be understood that their appearance in this case can vary quite sharply.
Division of combat capabilities
Weapons can be divided according to combat characteristics. Among them are the following:
- The time it takes to open fire (combat, marching condition). Also a distinctive parameter is the ability to transfer fire from sectors.
- The maneuverability possessed by a fighter armed with a certain type of weapon.
- Dimensions, weight, ammunition.
- The ability to transport soldiers equipped with a certain type of weapon.
What other parameters are distinguishing?
Talking about different types of weapons, one should take into account such differences as the possibility of firing, its type, rate of fire of the weapon, reload speed, range of reliable firing, reliability and efficiency. Evaluation also requires the possibility of using a certain type of weapon in a variety of extreme conditions, its cost, the reliability of ammunition, etc.
Armament providing autonomous fire
What types of small arms can be used without the participation of technology? They should be listed:
- Revolver and gun.
- Automatic grenade launcher.
- Light machine gun.
- Manual and underbarrel grenade launcher.
- Heavy machine gun.
- Automatic (assault rifle).
- Single machine gun.
- Sniper rifle.
What types of weapons can I use while hunting?
Several millennia ago, hunting was considered from the standpoint of a means of survival and obtaining food. At the present stage, it is not very difficult to survive. And the process of obtaining food has become much easier. All that is required of a person is to go to the store. However, the passion for hunting did not die out. And the choice of weapons should now be approached fairly responsibly.
Considering the various types of hunting weapons, it is necessary to have at least some idea of hunting. Namely, who are you going to hunt, where will this happen, are you interested in sports shooting, etc. Given all these points, we should begin to consider the types of firearms.
Classification of hunting weapons
Shotguns may differ from each other in purpose, striking mechanism, number of trunks, caliber and drilling of trunks. It should be given some classification, which may determine the choice.
Hunting weapons can be used for:
- Hunting.
- Shooting sports for those targets that are moving.
- Hunting sports.
The device of the hammer mechanism may be characterized by the presence of an external or internal trigger. By the number of trunks, the weapon is divided into single-barrel, single-shot, magazine, double-barreled, three-barreled, four-barreled.
The main types of weapons for hunting can vary according to the type of barrel drilling: smoothbore, rifled, smoothbore with rifled choke, combined. Several categories of modern hunting weapons should be considered in more detail.
One of the most common categories
Types of smoothbore weapons are the most popular. Shooting is carried out by shot, special bullets or buckshot. Some variations of this type of weaponry are distinguished.
- Single-shot with one barrel. A shotgun of this kind is used if the hunt is for a bird or small animal. In connection with the use of a special hinge in the central part of the weapon, the barrel can be folded down in order to insert a new cartridge into the chamber.
- Smoothbore gun with two barrels. It is used in the hunt for a larger beast, since in most cases the need for a second shot arises. The location of the trunks can be both horizontal and vertical. In this regard, the gun is called either "horizontal" or "vertical".
- Smoothbore magazine gun (pump action). This type of weapon should be reloaded manually. Pump-action weapons gained popularity due to their unpretentiousness to operating conditions. In addition, they are undemanding to the quality of care for them.
- Modern types of weapons for hunting can be self-loading, single-barrel. This type of weapon has a high rate of fire. Recharge occurs automatically. The negative side of such a gun is its high sensitivity to the quality of ammunition.
Rifle
A similar type of weapon can be used during hunting for both medium and large, dangerous animals. Shooting is carried out by bullets. The gun is characterized by high precision. In addition, fire can be conducted over long distances. Modern types of weapons of this type are divided into two categories:
- Single-barrel, single-shot. Manual reloading.
- Single-barrel, self-loading.
The most popular types of weapons of this kind are being produced in Russia by the Baikal, TOZ, Hammer, and Izhmash plants. The minimum cost is 7500 rubles.
Combined Hunting Weapons
Acquired a fairly high prevalence in the field of amateur and commercial hunting. Characterized by the presence of 1-2 smooth and rifled trunks. The following types of combined weapons are quite common on sale:
- Double-barreled guns. Trunks (smooth and threaded) are located vertically.
- Tricuspid.
- Four-barrel. Trunks (smooth and rifled) can be found in a variety of combinations.
The most popular are two models of the Izhevsk plant. We are talking about Izh-94 "Taiga" and Izh-94 "North." The cost is 26 and 23 thousand rubles. Foreign, combined guns are more expensive.
Weapons that can be called modern
What are the latest types of weapons? Among the main types of individual weapons, an improved AK-74M assault rifle should be noted. An assault rifle of this type was adopted in 1991. It was in the same year that mass production began. Kalashnikov AK-74M managed to retain all the advantages that are characteristic of a family of small arms. In addition, he acquired some more properties that significantly increased his characteristics (combat and operational).
The latest weapons, such as the AK-107 and AK-108, were developed at the Izhevsk plant. Compared with the previous model, they are characterized by a higher accuracy of fire, which is carried out in bursts. In addition, the designers managed to maintain the simplicity of weapons and reliability. Therefore, these assault rifles can be classified as excellent individual types of weapons of infantry units.
The thunderstorm automatic grenade launcher system can also be attributed to the latest types of weapons. It was developed in Tula in the 90s. This type of weapon is necessary to defeat manpower, openly located and protected by body armor. Using the complex, you can disable lightly armored vehicles and vehicles.
Chemical and bacteriological weapons
The conditions of the global economic crisis greatly increase the likelihood of military conflicts. Therefore, one should not discount the factor that various types of weapons of mass destruction can be used. In this regard, it should be listed what types of weapons today exist. It is also necessary to deal with the consequences of their use.
Chemical weapons have already been used. It happened in the First World War. There are also known cases when it was used during the resolution of internal conflicts. For example, Marshal Tukhachevsky used this type of weapon during the fight against peasants who opposed the surplus-appraisal. After that, chemical weapons of mass destruction were practically not used, with the exception of some attacks by terrorists. This type of weapon is developed quite well, it is notified by its relatively low cost. However, his handling is very poor. Protective equipment is available in a fairly large amount.
Cases of the use of bacteriological weapons were recorded in the distant past. In some situations, they were used during the Great Patriotic War by German troops. Characterized by low cost, relatively low controllability. In this regard, actually bacteriological weapons are practically not used.
Nuclear weapon
At the present stage, the most effective and controlled type of mass weapon. Available from the USA, Russia, China, India, Pakistan, England, France, North Korea. According to some reports, Israel also has a similar type of weaponry. But this country has not yet been recognized as a nuclear power, since no tests have been conducted. There is also evidence that a certain number of warheads are available in Iran and the Republic of South Africa.
Such weapons provide a guarantee of security. Not a single nuclear power has yet been subjected to military aggression. Such types of mass weapons were used only twice. And both occurred during the bombing of Japanese cities. It was in 1945. This barbaric bombing claimed the lives of hundreds of thousands of innocent people. However, some historians and politicians believe that such an action was fully justified. With her help, she managed to end the war in the east with one blow and save the lives of many people.
Speaking about the types of nuclear weapons, it should be noted that for Russia it also played a positive role. The creation of this type of armament required the development of high technology, the study of fundamental and applied science, and increased labor productivity. All this led to an increase in the role of scientists in political life, to an end to unnecessary repressions, to an increase in investment in education and science.
Kurchatov, together with associates, was able to give the country a guarantee of security. Everything else was laid the foundation for nuclear power. However, subsequently the process went in a negative way. Experts said that for the safety of the nation, only 500 charges would be enough. However, by the 70s. The military-industrial complex began to operate beyond understanding. About 30 thousand charges were produced. And precisely this, according to experts, played a role in the collapse of the USSR.
What other types of weapons can be called massive?
Several other types of weapons of mass character can be distinguished.
- Vacuum weapon. The striking factor is the rarefaction of air, and not the shock wave. The destructive force is equal to the action of small nuclear charges. A distinctive feature is the absence of a radioactive trace. Used in the Middle East. Differs in high cost.
- High-precision types of mass weapons. They have low power. Using them, you can cause accidents with rather serious consequences. For example, with the help of high-precision missiles, you can interrupt the pipeline or individual energy cables.
- Geophysical weapons. Real development occurred only in America. Serious use of this weapon did not occur, since lithospheric plates have not been sufficiently studied.
There are many more types of weapons that can be considered massive. However, their real use is hampered due to insufficient theoretical basis.
Do not forget about self-defense
Various types of weapons are used for self-defense. Under them should be understood a variety of technical means with which you can protect yourself legally. Distinguish between traumatic, gas and pneumatic weapons.
Traumatic weapons are necessary to incapacitate an adversary. This happens with a minor injury. The attacker, receiving a painful blow, fails for several minutes. And this is what will provide the opportunity for the victim to leave as far as possible from the criminal. Traumatic weapons do not have serious health consequences. The most common are pistols that fire rubber bullets or tear gas. The Wasp pistol gained great popularity.
Less effective is a gas weapon. The enemy will lose orientation for only a few seconds. But this time may be enough to escape. It can take from a few minutes to several hours for a complete recovery of health from an adversary.
Air pistols are not self-defense weapons. They are used as training by those who wish to acquire firearms. They are also used for sports purposes.
