A new study of marine biologists from Flinders University (Australia) is devoted to the social life of marine mammals. The results of her study, published in Scientific Reports, show that the association of females in groups plays an important role in raising offspring in South Australian bottlenose dolphins. Some sushi mammals behave similarly, such as lions, hyenas, giraffes and gray kangaroos.
"Women's Unions" among dolphins
Systematic observations of the dolphin population in the Coffin Bay area of South Australia have been conducted for two years. Recognition of individuals was carried out not only by photo-identification, but also using genetic material. It was collected from the board of the research vessel, which made 152 observation exits into the bay. A total of 55 female bottlenose dolphins were examined.
It turned out that within the populations living here, female relatives closely contact each other, forming groups that include not only young mothers, but also individuals that do not currently have their own cubs, including older females. In such groups, related animals jointly raise and train offspring, as well as hunt.
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Together - easier for everyone
Animals receive from individual groups in close groups both individual benefits and increased stability of the population as a whole.
Firstly, co-production of food expands access to resources and provides each female in the group with better nutrition, thereby increasing her reproductive potential. The chances of successful bearing and raising healthy offspring are increasing.
Secondly, group care for cubs increases their survival and adaptability to environmental conditions. The group protects the youngsters from predators much more effectively and teaches them hunting skills. At the same time, social skills, including the desire of females to associate into groups, are also transmitted to the younger generation, which is beneficial for the entire population.
