Uglegorskaya TPP is one of the two most powerful thermal power plants in Ukraine with a peak capacity of 3600 MW. The structure of the enterprise consists of 7 power units, four of which are designed for burning gas coals, the remaining three work on fuel oil or natural gas. The station is a structural unit of Centrenergo Public Joint Stock Company.
Description
Uglegorsk TPP is a powerful thermal power complex capable of generating up to 3600 MW of electricity, which is an absolute record for Ukrainian TPPs. A similar station, built on the same project, is located near Zaporozhye.
Uglegorsk TPP is designed to provide thermal and electric energy to consumers in the Donetsk region - the most developed in industrial terms. The station consists of two parts: the first is oriented to work with coal of gas grades, the second - to gas (fuel oil).
Where is Uglegorskaya TPP
The thermal power plant is located in the administrative borders of the Donetsk region, in the Bakhmut region. In 2-3 kilometers from it are the settlements of Mironovsky, Novolugansk and the satellite city of Svetlodarsk, built for the staff of the TPP. The nearest major city is Gorlovka, located 8 km southeast of the station. Company address: 84792, Donetsk region, city of Svetlodarsk-1.
Characteristic
General information about Uglegorskaya TPP indicates that the design capacity of the most productive second stage is designed to receive 2, 400 MW. Three power units were installed in its halls, each of which is equipped with a 800 MW turbine unit and a gas-oil single-case boiler with a steam capacity of 2650 t / h. Turbine units are equipped with cogeneration plants that generate 15 Gcal of heat per hour.
The first stage of the Uglegorsk TPP (which in 2013 failed due to a fire) produces 1, 200 MW. It consists of 4 power units equipped with turbine units producing 300 MW of electricity each. Four pulverized coal single-boiler boilers have a steam capacity of 950 t / h. Heat comes from here to the city of power engineers Svetlodarsk and to various industrial sites.
Building background
The history of Uglegorsk TPP begins in the 60s of the XX century. By this time, the Donbass region, the neighboring Dnepropetrovsk, Kharkov, and Rostov regions had become one of the largest industrial clusters in the Soviet Union. The capacity of the already built power plants in peak periods was not enough. The government decided to build the two largest condenser power plants in Ukraine (later reorganized into thermal power plants) under a new project: one in Zaporozhye, the second in the north-east of the Donetsk region.
According to the idea, the new power plants should have become more flexible in terms of production: to work on several types of fuel (gas, fuel oil, gas coal), to increase and decrease productivity depending on peak loads during the day and energy consumption drops at night.
Station base
Construction work at the Uglegorskaya TPP began in 1968. Initially, infrastructure, roads, communications, industrial buildings and residential quarters of the city of Svetlodarsk were built. High-voltage trunk lines for voltage transmission of 330 and 110 kV have been installed. A dam was built on the Lugan River to take water from it for cooling and technical use. Miracles of design thought were shown by Soviet builders: a record-high 320-meter chimney was erected at the station.
The launch of the first-born power unit took place in the winter of 1972. On December 3, a 300 MW coal turbine unit generated the first kilowatts of energy. After the break-in, the state district power station was connected to the country's combined energy system. Over the course of the year, power engineers progressively commissioned three more gas-fired units. By the end of 1973, the Uglegorskaya TPP had consistently supplied 1, 200 MW of much-needed energy.
Development
1974 was a new stage in the development of Uglegorsk TPP. The construction of the second, more efficient line has begun, the equipment of which allows the use of fuel oil or natural gas as a fuel source. The first 800-megawatt unit gave power in December 1975. A year later, also in December, 2 more blocks were earned. Thus, the total capacity of all seven power units of the station amounted to 3600 MW.
In 1984, a large-scale reorganization of the control system was carried out at TPPs. All important technological processes were automated in order to maximally eliminate errors caused by the so-called “human factor”.
After Ukraine gained independence, the Uglegorskaya Power Station came under the jurisdiction of a new national authority. In 1995, the enterprise became a part of PJSC "Centrenergo", where it is located to this day. By the way, important stages of enterprise development are described in the book “History of Uglegorsk TPP”.
Conservation of the second stage
The tensions that developed between the Ukrainian Republic and the Russian Federation on the oil and gas issue led to increased energy prices. Ukraine has small reserves of gas and oil fields, raw materials have to be purchased in neighboring countries. As a result, the cost of electricity and heat generated by the second stage of the Uglegorsk TPP exceeded the permissible limits. The three most productive 800-megawatt blocks operating on gas (fuel oil) had to be mothballed. Thus, the actual capacity of the station today does not exceed 1200 MW.
State of emergency of 2013
March 29, 2013 at 15:14 a big fire broke out, which occurred due to ignition of coal dust. As a result, four turbines of the Uglegorsk Thermal Power Plant were destroyed. The accident led to the fact that 12, 000 residents of the city of Svetlodarsk remained cut off from communications. One station worker died and thousands were left without work. The consequences of the disaster were also felt by miners, and the start of reconstruction financing and social support for the population of the affected city led to an increase in the electricity tariff. However, the shutdown of the Uglegorsk Thermal Power Plant did not lead to disruption of the power system of Ukraine.
Two weeks later, the situation at the Uglegorskaya TPP was commented on by Minister Eduard Stavitsky, who oversaw the energy and coal industries. He made a statement that it was decided not to restore the burned 4 blocks, but to overhaul them.
According to the investigation, a change in the operating conditions led to the emergency, as a result of which coal dust ignited. The fire spread to the roof and then spread to the shops of the first stage. By the way, unlike anthracite, gas coals are very fire hazard. When burning them, strict observance of technical standards is required. At the enterprise multilevel fire extinguishing means should be introduced.
The main reason for the state of emergency, experts call the fact that the vast majority of generating capacities, which were launched back in Soviet times, have now exhausted their resources. At least 60% of thermal power capacities need urgent replacement, and 90% do not meet the concepts of reliable and efficient operation due to the exhaustion of the ultimate resource.
Disaster Recovery
Despite significant damage, the Uglegorsk power plant was not closed. Over the next few years, large-scale construction and installation works were carried out. Initially, the restoration of the coating of the machine room No. 1 was provided. On October 8, 2013, the station power unit No. 1 was connected to the integrated energy system; on November 13, 2013, the unit No. 4 was connected. Overhaul of the third power unit was carried out with the restoration of ACS systems. In 2014, it was decided to modernize block No. 2 in order to restore basic equipment and increase electric power by 25 MW, to improve environmental indicators for dust emissions up to 50 mg / nm 3.
For over forty years of continuous operation of the Uglegorsk TPP, the modernization of power generating equipment has not been carried out. The order of the Ministry of Energy and Coal provides for further sequential reconstruction of power units No. 1, No. 3, No. 4 with an increase in the electric power of the first stage from 1200 MW to 1300 MW. The construction of a plant-wide desulfurization plant to improve the ecological condition of the region has also begun.
