Do you know that the Earth has 4 poles: two geographical and two magnetic? And geographical poles do not coincide with magnetic ones. Do you want to know where the magnetic
Earth's poles? At the end of the twentieth century, according to the names, they were: the northern one - in the depths of the northern coast of Canada, and the southern one - a hundred kilometers from the edge of Antarctica.
And where are the magnetic poles of the earth now? They are constantly moving. For example, the northern one in 1831 (at the time of its discovery), was at 70 degrees s. w. In Canada. After 70 years, the polar explorer R. Amundsen found him already 50 km to the north. Scientists became interested in this and began to follow. It turned out that the pole "travels" with increasing speed. At first, its speed was small, and in recent years it has grown to 40 km / year. At this pace, by 2050 the North Magnetic Pole will be “registered" in Russia. And this will bring not only beautiful pictures of the northern lights, which will become visible practically throughout Siberia, but also problems in using the compass. Also, the level of exposure to space
and rays, because near the poles the Earth's magnetic field is much smaller than that of the equator. Measurements showed that over 150 years the Earth's magnetic field has become 10% less. And it is a very effective means of protecting all living things from hard solar and cosmic radiation. American astronauts flying to the moon, came out from under the cover of the Earth's magnetic field and received a mild form of radiation sickness. And they did not look from the moon, but could not see where the Earth’s magnetic poles are.
Earth on the Antarctic
Antarctica is part of the Earth near the South Pole. She received the name "Anti-Arctic" or Ant-Arctic, as an antagonist of the Arctic. The name of the latter comes from the ancient Greek arctos - Ursa Major. So the ancient Greeks called the constellation Ursa Minor with the North Star, known to all travelers.
Antarctica consists of the mainland Antarctica, adjacent parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans and the seas of Bellingshausen, Ross, the Commonwealth, Weddell, Amundsen and others. All marine parts of the Antarctic are called the Southern Ocean. The islands of South Shetland, South Georgia, South Orkney, South Sandwich and many others enter the Antarctic. etc. Thus, Antarctica occupies the area of the 50-60th southern parallels.
Antarctica - the most, the most, the most …
Antarctica - the largest and driest desert - rainfall of less than 100 mm per year: from 40-50 mm in the center to 600 mm in the north of the Antarctic Peninsula. The most famous in narrow circles are Dry Valleys. Rains have not been seen here for 2, 000, 000 years. A neighbor of the Dry Valleys is the Atacama Desert, where it has not rained for 400 years. The lakes of this valley are the most saline in the world. The Dead Sea is almost fresh in comparison with them.
Antarctica is the most severe in climate, the minimum temperature on Earth was recorded at the Soviet Antarctic station "Vostok" on July 21, 1983 - minus 89.6 ° C.
Antarctica is the place of the strongest winds. Stock winds have dashing glory. In contact with the glaciers at an altitude of 1000 to 4500 m, the air cools, condenses and begins, accelerating, to flow to the shore, sometimes reaching a speed of 320 km / h.
Antarctica is the most icy place on Earth. Only 0.2-0.3% of its surface is not covered with ice - in the Transantarctic mountains and the western part of the continent, as well as coastal areas or individual ridges and peaks (nunataki).
In summer, south of the Arctic Circle, these areas become very warm, and then the air above them warms up. For example, in the Dry Valley on Victoria Land in December 1961 it was + 23.9 ° C.
Now you know where the Earth’s magnetic poles are.
