The twin brothers Lech and Jaroslav Kaczynski first became famous for thirteen-year-old boys all over Poland in 1962, having shown themselves in the main roles of a children's art film-tale. The eldest of the brothers is Yaroslav.
Biography
Brothers were born in the Polish capital 06/18/1949 Father, Raimund Kaczynski, war veteran, former officer of the Craiova Army, worked as an engineer. Jadwig's mother is a philologist. Both parents actively participated in the 1944 Warsaw Uprising.
The brothers jointly graduated from high school and continued their studies at the Faculty of Law and Management at the University of Warsaw.
Yaroslav Kaczynski took up a scientific career since 1971. Reached a doctorate in law. His places of work were the Institute for Policy on Science and Higher Education and the Bialystok branch of the University in Warsaw.
In the mid-seventies, the twin brothers began to engage in dissident activities, becoming members of the Workers Protection Committee. 1980 - participants in the first congress of Solidarity.
When the state of emergency was introduced (1981), only Lech was arrested, since they considered a typo to be the presence on the arrest lists of two people with the same surname and date of birth.
Somewhat later, Yaroslav Kaczynski joined the leadership of the Solidarity trade union. In the 80s, he was a member of the Polish branch of the Helsinki Committee. In 1989-90s he was the editor-in-chief of the weekly newspaper Solidarity.
Deputy activity
In late 1989, Yaroslav was elected a member of the Senate, nominated by the Civil Parliamentary Party. He was entrusted with representing the union during the negotiations during the formation of government structures headed by T. Mazowiecki.
In the 1990-92s, Yaroslav Kaczynski was the head of the presidential office of L. Walesa. The Centrist Forces Agreement party was founded by him in 1990. He was its leader for eight years, while he showed himself quite actively.
In 1991-1993, 1997-2001 and 2001-2005, this Polish politician was nominated as a deputy of the Sejm.
Create a new batch
In the spring of 2001, the Kaczynski organized a new conservative party, led by Lech. The party was named "Law and Justice." In the parliamentary elections six months after the creation of this party, nine and a half percent of the electoral vote was won. The faction of the party in the Sejm was headed by Yaroslav.
Since 2003, after the election of Lech Kaczynski as Warsaw's mayor, his brother led the party. In September of the same year, the Law and Justice party gained almost 27 percent in the parliamentary elections, and Yaroslav Kaczynski was re-elected to the Sejm.
In order not to create obstacles for Brother Lech on the eve of the presidential election, Yaroslav had to resign as head of the government cabinet. K. Marcinkiewicz was appointed to this post.
Lech Kaczynski - President of Poland
November 23, 2005, Lech was elected President of Poland, who first of all expressed his gratitude to his brother. He informed the "pan of the party chairman" that the "task" was completed - the presidency was "successfully conquered."
On July 14, 2006, Yaroslav was appointed Prime Minister.
Despite the fact that the brothers were conservative Catholics, according to some researchers, the Prime Minister of Poland adhered to a more right world view than his brother.
Actions in Polish foreign policy during the leadership of the brothers led to a certain tension with the European Union, rapprochement with the United States of America and deterioration of relations with Russia.
Political crisis
In the summer of 2007, Poland found itself in a situation of political crisis. Yaroslav Kaczynski insisted that the president dismiss A. Lepper, who is deputy prime minister, minister of agriculture, and head of the Self-Defense party, which is a member of the government coalition as a junior partner.
The reason for the resignation was the fact that Lepper was involved in a corruption scandal, but Lepper himself denied this categorically. According to him, "Self-Defense" should remain in the government coalition, but the scandalous situation developed with increasing force.
Some media reported that the Deputy Prime Minister was dismissed due to deliberate provocative actions organized by the Prime Minister.
In the early parliamentary elections in autumn 2007, the Law and Justice party gained a little more than 32 percent, skipping ahead the Civil Platform, which was led by Donald Tusk. November 5, 2007 Y. Kaczynski resigned as prime minister.
Tragedy, Katyn, memorial
04/10/2010 Polish President Lech Kaczynski with his wife Maria and a number of senior Polish politicians, military, religious and public figures flew on the presidential airliner Tu-154M flight PLF101 from Warsaw to Smolensk. During landing at the Smolensk-Severny airfield in heavy fog, the plane crashed into trees, crashed and shattered into pieces.
This terrible plane crash near Smolensk claimed 96 lives. Investigation of the causes of the tragedy was conducted by Russian and Polish experts, as well as the international commission.
The passengers of the crashed plane were a Polish delegation led by the president of the country, making a private visit to the funeral event in Katyn. A memorial in memory of the execution of officers of the Polish army was erected there in honor of the seventieth anniversary of this mourning date.
Yaroslav Kaczynski was not among the dead passengers, as he refused this flight because of his mother’s illness.
The results of the investigation of the tragic accident
The Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC) in the course of the investigation established that, until the airliner collided with trees, all systems were functioning normally. The fog caused poor visibility, which was lower than allowed during landing. Information about this was sent to the crew.
The IAC concluded that the disaster occurred due to improper actions of the crew members of the airliner and psychological pressure on them.
The State Aviation Commission of the Polish Ministry of the Interior, which is engaged in investigating aviation accidents, recognized the pilot’s mistake as the cause of the tragedy, while the important factors in the accident were problems with insufficient air navigation support for flight controllers at Smolensk-Severny Airport and shortcomings in the maintenance of the airfield.
New Presidential Election
06/20/2010 Poland chose a new head of state.
Yaroslav Kaczynski received 36.74 percent of the vote in this election, and his main opponent, Speaker of the Polish Sejm Bronislaw Komorowski, received 41.22 percent. The next round was organized for the final selection on July 4, 2010. On it, Komorowski, a candidate from the Civil Platform, won 53 percent of the vote.
Parliamentary elections - 2011 ended for the Kaczynski party is not entirely successful. With a little less than 30 percent of the vote, she was in second place. She entered the diet with 158 seats.
During the 2015 presidential election, Kaczynski supported fellow party member A. Dudu, who won with 53 percent of the vote.
On June 20, 2015, during a party conference, Y. Kaczynski nominated Beata Szydlo for the post of prime minister for the autumn election campaign.
Views of J. Kaczynski
When a brother was tragically killed in a plane crash in 2010, Yaroslav Kaczynski spoke of Russia as follows. At first, he recognized the fact that the Russian authorities are investigating the cause of the fall of the presidential airliner near Smolensk in collaboration with the Poles.
However, immediately after the elections, there was a sharp change in his position. He began to make hints that the Russian side was hiding the true causes of the accident, he even called on the United States to engage in this investigation.
The Russian politician S. Stankevich sees in the statements of Y. Kaczynski only the political situation. To maintain a certain degree of passions, extreme right-wing politicians are always trying to create an atmosphere of some overstatement. They are constantly trying to find more and more traumatic factors. They even try to use such a terrible tragedy to rally their supporters to mobilize extreme right-wing political views, says Stankevich.
Kaczynski has repeatedly received statements that one should learn the whole truth about the circumstances of the Smolensk tragedy and publish it on the pages of books and textbooks.
According to him, the Poles must know the truth in order to draw appropriate conclusions. The memory of the tragedy, according to the politician, should be immortalized by any means, for example, in the name of the street or square, the installation of a monument next to the presidential palace.
One of such speeches by Yaroslav Kaczynski at the site of a possible monument to the victims of the tragedy gathered a huge number of supporters.
Recent statements by Kaczynski
In June 2016, a statement was heard from the leader of the ruling party that republican Polish sovereignty needed protection. That is what he said, speaking in Warsaw.
According to him, interference is constantly being noted in Polish internal affairs, the country becomes an object of pressure in resolving issues that directly concern only the life of every citizen of the country.
“Poland, ” argues J. Kaczynski, “should join various unions, seek various compromise solutions, but at the same time its sovereignty should remain unshakable. Poland should not be a supplier of labor for those who are richer."
Since June 2016, at the customs posts of the border between Russia and Poland, the verification of Russian citizens visiting Poland has been significantly strengthened. This contributed to the emergence of queues at border points.
Kaczynski is an opponent of Poland’s entry into the euro zone, but he is a supporter of strengthening the NATO bloc on the European continent.
Many expect him to worsen relations with Germany and the European Union as a whole.
The initiatives of Yaroslav Kaczynski suggest the deployment of American troops on Polish territory.
